BCG vaccination and leprosy protection: review of current evidence and status of BCG in leprosy control

@article{Merle2010BCGVA,
  title={BCG vaccination and leprosy protection: review of current evidence and status of BCG in leprosy control},
  author={Corinne SC Merle and S{\'e}rgio Souza da Cunha and Laura Cunha Rodrigues},
  journal={Expert Review of Vaccines},
  year={2010},
  volume={9},
  pages={209 - 222}
}
The bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine, initially developed to provide protection against TB, also protects against leprosy; and the magnitude of this effect varies. Previous meta-analyses did not provide a summary estimate of the efficacy due to the heterogeneity of the results. We conducted a meta-analysis of published data including recently published studies (up to June 2009) to determine the efficacy of BCG protection on leprosy and to investigate whether age at vaccination, clinical… 
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This study did not observe significant evidence of a protective effect of routine BCG vaccination on the risk of developing either BUD or severe forms of BUD, and no final conclusion can be drawn on the effectiveness of BCG strain in protecting against BUD.
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There is need for a review of the multi-dose vial policy, ensure policy implementation; periodic training and re-training of the health care personnel, human capacity development, data monitoring/evaluation, as well as sensitization campaigns among others, as ways to improve the people’s awareness on and uptake of BCG vaccination.
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BCG vaccination was associated with a decreased risk of leprosy in the study population, particularly in persons born after 1980, and the effectiveness of BCG seemed stronger among younger persons.
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