Associations Between Mode of Birth and Neuropsychological Development in Children Aged 4 Years: Results from a Birth Cohort Study

@article{Takcs2020AssociationsBM,
  title={Associations Between Mode of Birth and Neuropsychological Development in Children Aged 4 Years: Results from a Birth Cohort Study},
  author={Lea Tak{\'a}cs and Samuel P. Putnam and Catherine E. Monk and Hannah Grace Dahlen and Charlene Thornton and Franti{\vs}ek Barto{\vs} and Anastasia Topalidou and Lilian L Peters},
  journal={Child Psychiatry and Human Development},
  year={2020},
  volume={52},
  pages={1094 - 1105}
}
The aim of this prospective longitudinal study was to examine the association between Cesarean section (CS) and child development and behavior. The sample consisted of 256 children who were born at term without serious perinatal pathologies. Their development and behavior was assessed at the age of four using Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ-3), Children’s Behavior Questionnaire and Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire. Multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted to assess the… 
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Obstetrical mode of delivery and behavioural outcomes in childhood and adolescence: findings from the Millennium Cohort Study

This study uses maternal-reported data from the Millennium Cohort Study to examine the association between mode of delivery (in particular caesarean section) and behavioural outcomes in offspring at six time-points between age 3 and 17 years and indicates that mode of Delivery is unlikely to have a major impact on behavioural outcomes.

Parity moderates the effect of delivery mode on maternal ratings of infant temperament

Although the results suggest that emergency CS may be associated with temperament in firstborns, further research is needed to replicate this finding, preferably using observational measures to assess child temperament.

Early Environmental and Biological Influences on Preschool Motor Skills: Implications for Early Childhood Care and Education

Objective of this study was to examine the influence of some very early environmental variables (delivery mode, feeding type during the first 4 months of life and some biological variables (sex and age in months) on preschool motor skills, considered both globally and specifically.

References

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Children born by elective CS may face a delay in cognitive and motor development at age 9 months and at age 3 years there was no significantly increased risk of an abnormal total SDQ score across all modes of delivery.

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In this sample of preschoolers, CS was associated with risk of behavioral problems, but not with emotional problems, and further research is needed to better understand these associations.

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BackgroundLittle empirical research examines relationships among delivery mode, other childbirth-related factors, maternal characteristics, and child psychosocial development.ObjectiveThe aim of this…

Mode of delivery and child and adolescent psychological well-being: Evidence from Hong Kong’s “Children of 1997” birth cohort

In a developed non-Western setting, mode of delivery was not clearly associated with childhood or early adolescent psychological well-being.

Maternal depression trajectories from pregnancy to 3 years postpartum are associated with children’s behavior and executive functions at 3 and 6 years

If mothers’ depressive symptoms improve over the first 3 years postpartum, their children’s outlook may be comparable to those whose mothers had consistently low depressive symptoms.

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Across the five countries, emergency or planned CS is consistently associated with a modest increased risk of ASD from gestational weeks 36 to 42 when compared with vaginal delivery, and there was no statistically significant difference between emergency and planned CS in therisk of ASD.
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