Artificial Pancreas: Current Progress and Future Outlook in the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes

@article{Ramli2019ArtificialPC,
  title={Artificial Pancreas: Current Progress and Future Outlook in the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes},
  author={Rozana Ramli and Monika Reddy and Nick S. Oliver},
  journal={Drugs},
  year={2019},
  pages={1-13}
}
Type 1 diabetes is characterised by insulin deficiency caused by autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic beta cells. The treatment of type 1 diabetes is exogenous insulin in the form of multiple daily injections or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. Advances in diabetes technology have been exponential in the past few decades, culminating in studies to develop an automated artificial pancreas, also known as the closed-loop system. This has recently led to a commercially available… 
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Study of blood glucose and insulin infusion rate in real-time in diabetic rats using an artificial pancreas system
TLDR
A rat APS may be used as a powerful tool not only to study alterations of glucose and insulin homeostasis in real-time caused by diet, exercise, hormones, or antidiabetic agents, but also to test mathematical and engineering models of blood glucose prediction or new algorithms for closed-loop APS.
Closed-loop bioelectronic medicine for diabetes management
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An overview of the state-of-the-art for closed-loop neuromodulation systems in relation to diabetes is presented and future related opportunities for management of this chronic disease are discussed.
Glucose outcomes of a learning-type artificial pancreas with an unannounced meal in type 1 diabetes
A century past the discovery of insulin: global progress and challenges for type 1 diabetes among children and adolescents in low-income and middle-income countries
Therapeutic Advances in Diabetes, Autoimmune, and Neurological Diseases
TLDR
This review focuses on nine diseases in three major therapeutics areas, diabetes, autoimmune, and neurological disorders, and provides a comprehensive overview of current and emerging therapeutic modalities developed in the recent years.
Diabetic neuropathy and neuropathic pain: a (con)fusion of pathogenic mechanisms?
TLDR
An overview of current understanding of potential initiating lesions for diabetic neuropathy and the multiple downstream mechanisms identified in cell and animal models of diabetes that may contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetic Neuropathy and neuropathic pain is provided.
Artificial pancreas with carbohydrate suggestion performance for unannounced and announced exercise in Type 1 Diabetes.
TLDR
MCL with automatic carbohydrate recommendation performed well and was safe during and after both unannounced and announced exercise maintaining glucose mostly within the target range and reducing the risk of hypoglycemia despite of less amount of carbohydrate intake.
Advanced Diabetes Management Using Artificial Intelligence and Continuous Glucose Monitoring Sensors
TLDR
The state-of-the-art methodologies using AI and CGM sensors for decision support in advanced T1D management are reviewed, including techniques for personalized insulin bolus calculation, adaptive tuning of bolus calculator parameters and glucose prediction.
Efficacy and safety of closed-loop insulin delivery versus sensor-augmented pump in the treatment of adults with type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials
TLDR
CL insulin delivery appears to be a better treatment method than SAP therapy for adults with T1D because of its increased BG control efficacy and decreased number of hypoglycemic events.
Fault Tolerant Strategies for Automated Insulin Delivery Considering the Human Component: Current and Future Perspectives
TLDR
An analysis of potential faults introduced by AID users when the system is under normal operation is presented, followed by a review of current fault tolerant control (FTC) approaches to identify missing areas of research.
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