Arousal systems

@article{Marrocco1994ArousalS,
  title={Arousal systems},
  author={Richard T. Marrocco and E. A. Witte and Matthew Davidson},
  journal={Current Opinion in Neurobiology},
  year={1994},
  volume={4},
  pages={166-170}
}
Recent advances in neural and behavioural pharmacology, and in intracellular recording suggest that arousal during the awake state may be regulated by multiple, interdependent neurotransmitter systems that originate in the brainstem or hypothalamus, and project to subcortical and cortical sites. We discuss efforts to determine the mechanisms by which these systems extent their effects, and the roles that they play in the control of arousal. 
View on Elsevier
doi.org
348 Citations
Highly Influential Citations
19
Background Citations
150
Methods Citations
5
Results Citations
8

348 Citations

Citation Type

Citation Type

Basal Forebrain Cholinergic System and Orexin Neurons: Effects on Attention
TLDR
Evidence is summarized showing that the orexin system contributes to attentional processing by an increase in cortical acetylcholine release and in cortical neurons activity. Expand
Neuromodulation of Brain States
TLDR
Current understanding of the key neural circuits involved in regulating brain states, with a particular emphasis on the subcortical neuromodulatory systems are summarized. Expand
Increases in extracellular serotonin and dopamine metabolite levels in the basal forebrain during sleep deprivation
TLDR
It is demonstrated that SD increases extracellular dopamine and serotonin metabolites in the BF, suggesting increased activity of the ascending arousal systems to counteract the effect of sleep pressure. Expand
Hypothalamic regulation of sleep and circadian rhythms
TLDR
These findings explain how various drugs affect sleep and wakefulness, and provide the basis for a wide range of environmental influences to shape wake–sleep cycles into the optimal pattern for survival. Expand
Modulation of Cortical Activation and Behavioral Arousal by Cholinergic and Orexinergic Systems
  • B. Jones
  • Biology, Medicine
  • Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
  • 2008
TLDR
A recently discovered peptide called orexin (Orx) or hypocretin, contained in diffusely projecting neurons of the hypothalamus, was found to be essential for the maintenance of waking with muscle tone, since in its absence narcolepsy with cataplexy occurred. Expand
Neuropeptide S selectively inhibits the release of 5‐HT and noradrenaline from mouse frontal cortex nerve endings
TLDR
This work investigated the possible presynaptic regulation of transmitter release by Neuropeptide S, a recently identified neurotransmitter/neuromodulator able to increase arousal and wakefulness while decreasing anxiety‐like behaviour. Expand
Neuronal Mechanisms for Sleep/Wake Regulation and Modulatory Drive
TLDR
This review discusses electrophysiological and behavioral features of sleep/wake states and the principal neuronal populations involved in their regulation, and describes the main modulatory drives of sleep and wakefulness, including homeostatic, circadian, and motivational processes. Expand
Optogenetic Investigation of Arousal Circuits
TLDR
This review outlines the progress that has been made in the investigation of arousal circuits since the incorporation of optogenetic techniques and the first in vivo application ofoptogenetic stimulation in hypocretin neurons in the lateral hypothalamus and discusses the future progress that can be made by incorporating more recent technological developments into the research of neural circuits. Expand
Neurobiology of sleep.
The neurobiology of sleep is introduced in the context of interacting wake and sleep systems. Specifically, the transitions from wake to sleep and from non-rapid eye movement to rapid eye movement… Expand
halamocortical dynamics of sleep : Roles of purinergic neuromodulation
Thalamocortical dynamics, the millisecond to second changes in activity of thalamocortical circuits, are central to perception, action and cognition. Generated by local circuitry and sculpted by… Expand
...
1
2
3
4
5
...