Antioxidant activity of vitamin E and its role in avian reproduction.

@article{Tufarelli2016AntioxidantAO,
  title={Antioxidant activity of vitamin E and its role in avian reproduction.},
  author={Vincenzo Tufarelli and Vito Laudadio},
  journal={Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences},
  year={2016},
  volume={4},
  pages={266-272}
}
Oxidative stress, a state characterized by imbalance between pro-oxidant molecules comprising reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, and antioxidant defences, has been found to play an important in poultry reproduction in both male and female Increasing evidence suggests that vitamin E plays an important role in normal reproduction in animals and humans, and vitamin E supplementation is now recommended. Vitamin E comprises eight molecules composed by a chromanol ring and a phytol side chain… 
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Vitamin E can promote spermatogenesis by regulating the expression of proteins associated with the plasma membranes and protamine biosynthesis.
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Impact of Dietary Supra-Nutritional Levels of Vitamins A and E on Fertility Traits of Broiler Breeder Hens in Late Production Phase
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It was shown that a combination of dietary supra-nutritional levels of vitamins A and E allowed to extend the laying period and to reduce the decline of fertility in older breeder hens at the end of the laying stage.
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Skin is a layer coveringbody and protect body from negative effect and evironment factor.Some studies indicated that aging resulted by sun-light exposure and many other factorsincluding free radical.…
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The results of this research were that the addition of vitamin E-selenium levels in feed had no significant effect on the weight of hatching eggs, fertility, embryo mortality and hatchability.
Motility, Viability and Fertilizing Ability of Avian Sperm Stored Under in Vitro Conditions
TLDR
This paper reviews the sperm motility, viability and fertilizing ability of main poultry species stored in vitro conditions and will help to understand a scenario of in vitro avian sperm mot utility, viability, and their fertilization ability.

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