• Corpus ID: 189811776

Anti-hypertensive Effect of Abelmoschus Esculentus ( Okra ) Seed Extracts in Fructose-induced Hypertensive Rats

@inproceedings{Mondal2019AntihypertensiveEO,
  title={Anti-hypertensive Effect of Abelmoschus Esculentus ( Okra ) Seed Extracts in Fructose-induced Hypertensive Rats},
  author={Kallol Kanti Mondal and Suman Manandhar},
  year={2019}
}

• K. Mondal, S. Manandhar
• Published 2019
• Medicine

The aim of this study was to investigate the protective activity of ethanolic Abelmoschus esculentus seed extract (EAESE) in fructose-induced Hypertensive rat model. Even though several synthetic drugs have been discovered to treat hypertension, it is important to observe the contribution of the daily diet in easing the hypertension and hence the possible therapeutic activity of the seeds from the fruit was studied. The rats were divided randomly into 4 groups (n=6). Group I was considered as the Normal control. Group II animals were treated with only 10% w/v Fructose solution for 6 weeks (42 days). Group III animals were treated with 10% w/v Fructose solution for 6 weeks (42 days) and EAESE (150 mg/kg bw p.o) after 3 weeks i.e. from the 22nd day till the end of the study period (42nd day). Group IV animals were treated with 10% w/v Fructose solution for 6 weeks (42 days) and Enalapril (10 mg/kg bw p.o) after 3 weeks i.e. from the 22nd day till the end of the study period (42nd day). Physiological parameters ECG, heart rate and blood pressure were measured and recorded by the invasive method and the Serum parameters: Total Cholesterol and Triglyceride were measured. Result: The ECG pattern and Heart rate was improved in the EAESE treated Hypertensive rats. Remarkable reduction in the Blood pressure [systolic arterial pressure (SAP), diastolic arterial pressure (DAP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP)] levels were observed along with a significant reduction in the Total cholesterol and Triglyceride levels. Conclusion: From the results obtained, it can be suggested that the ethanolic extract of Abelmoschus esculentus seeds has the potential antihypertensive activity as well anti-hyperlipidaemic activity. J Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 63(2) : 175–181 *Corresponding author : Kallolika Mondal, Department of Pharmacology, PES College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru – 50. Email: [e-mail] (Received on Nov. 01, 2017) systemic pressure consistently above the normal range (90 to 120/60 to 80 mmHg). Clinicians now consider 125 to 139/85 to 89 mmHg to be prehypertension (stage before the onset of hypertension). Although hypertension often produces no symptoms, the long-term consequences may be very serious. Chronic hypertension has greatest effects on the main arteries and structure and functioning of heart. Chronic hypertension has its greatest effects on the Introduction Hypertension is high blood pressure, that is, a resting 176 Mondal, Manandhar and Gowda Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 63(2) arteries and on the heart. Although the walls of arteries are strong, hypertension weakens them and contr ibutes to arter iosclerosis. Deaths due to hypertension ar ise f rom cerebrovascular and cardiovascular complications such as stroke, endstage renal disease, congest ive heart fai lure, myocard ial in farc t ion and cardiac arrest (1) . Hypertension is directly responsible for 57% of all stroke related deaths and 24% of all coronary heart disease deaths. Based on the reports of a stat istical analysis of clinical trials report, it is observed that the r isk is reversible with a relatively modest reduction in blood pressure of 10-6 mm/Hg associated with a 38% reduction in stroke and 16% reduction in coronary events, while a 5-mmHg reduction in blood pressure is associated with a 25% reduction in risk of renal failure (2). Despite various advances in the field of medicine, it is projected that 1.56 billion people will suffer from hypertension by 2025, which thereby demonstrates the pressing need for the development of novel therapies in the treatment of this pathological condition (3). Lifestyle measures are recommended for all patients, including those with normal blood pressure and those who have a higher risk and require drug treatment include smoking cessation, weight reduction, physical exercise, reduction of excessive alcohol intake (particularly for binge dr inking). Although several drugs are available in the market today for treating hypertension, they have been observed to produce a systemic side effect or known to exhibit tolerance upon chronic use. In the last 2 decades, plants referred as crude drugs, have remained historically important as sources of novel compounds with potentials of being channeled into drug pipelines for the development of safe, efficacious, and economically-effective antihypertensive drugs. In sub-Saharan Africa, the initial ethnopharmacological surveys have identified over 100 species of plants with antihypertensive activity in animals and humans (4, 5). To overcome these arising problems nowadays, herbal drugs usage has increased and are more under t r ia ls as compared to the i r synthet ic counterparts. The pods of Abelmoschus esculentus have long been used as a vegetable and a source of dietary medicine. Pharmacological studies have revealed that okra/bhindi possesses antioxidant, neuroprotective, antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, antidepressant, analgesic and anti-fatigue activity (6, 12). The extracts of the seeds and its derivatives such as quercetin and rutin are known to exhibit a hypolipidemic effect which can be attributed for reducing the risk involved in the cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension. And flavonoids which constitutes a major part of the phytoconstituents found in the seeds and the pods, is found to have a critical role in preventing cardiovascular disease, as it stimulates formation of nitric oxide, increase vasodilatation, and reduce endothelial dysfunction, thereby reducing blood pressure. Materials and Methods Experimental Animals: The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Animal Ethics Commit tee of PES Col lege of Pharmacy, Bangalore, India, which conforms to Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals (CPCSEA) (IAEC Reg. No.-PESCP/IAEC/26/2015). 24 Male Albino Wistar rats weighing about 110-150g were used in the current experimental study. The animals were obtained from AditaBiosys, Pvt. Ltd. Bangalore, India. and were kept at standard laboratory conditions under natural light and dark cycles, a constant room temperature (25±2°C). The animals were fed chow pellet diet and drinking water ad libitum.