Anti-CCP antibodies: the past, the present and the future

@article{Venrooij2011AntiCCPAT,
  title={Anti-CCP antibodies: the past, the present and the future},
  author={W. J. van Venrooij and J.J.B.C. van Beers and Ger J. M. Pruijn},
  journal={Nature Reviews Rheumatology},
  year={2011},
  volume={7},
  pages={391-398}
}
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by autoantibodies against citrullinated antigens. The importance of citrulline for the epitopes bound by these autoantibodies, referred to as ACPA (anti-citrullinated peptide/protein antibodies), was first described in 1998. In addition to citrullinated proteins, cyclic citrullinated peptides (CCP) can also be used as test substrates for detecting ACPA. The standard test for these antibodies is the second-generation CCP (CCP2… 
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Anti-citrullinated peptides as autoantigens in rheumatoid arthritis-relevance to treatment.
TLDR
Abatacept, a T cell activation modulator, is the best therapy for ACPA(+) RA patients, although clinical data are sparse at present, and clinical data support this view.
Identification of anticitrullinated protein antibody reactivities in a subset of anti-CCP-negative rheumatoid arthritis: association with cigarette smoking and HLA-DRB1 ‘shared epitope’ alleles
TLDR
A multiplex assay can identify ACPA-positive RA patients missed by the commercial CCP assay, thus enabling greater diagnostic sensitivity and suggesting that cigarette smoking and possession of HLA-DRB1 SE alleles contribute to the development of ACPAs in anti-CCP− RA.
The influence of ACPA status and characteristics on the course of RA
TLDR
The evolution of the ACPA response and its putative role in disease pathogenesis, as well as its relationship with clinical phenotype and diagnostic potential are summarized.
Anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies and rheumatoid factor isotypes in the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis: an assessment of combined tests.
TLDR
The best combination to use for early RA screening was an ACPA test together with IgM and IgA RF, and the EliA CCP-Phadia test was the most specific, and had the best positive likelihood ratio and positive predictive values.
The role of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibodies in early detection of rheumatoid arthritis: an overview of the INOVA Diagnostics, Inc. QUANTA Lite CCP assays.
TLDR
The review covers the use of INOVA Diagnostics, Inc. multiple anti-CCP antibody assays in early detection of RA, while also comparing these assays with other commercially available methods of measuring anti- CCP antibodies.
Characterization of Autoantigens Targeted by Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibodies In Vivo: Prominent Role for Epitopes Derived from Histone 4 Proteins
TLDR
The results demonstrate that four histone proteins are prominent ACPA autoantigens, with the frequency of detection being histone H4, and indicates that H4 is a widely recognized RA autoantigen in both the synovial and serum compartments.
From Citrullination to Specific Immunity and Disease in Rheumatoid Arthritis
TLDR
The current chapter focuses on the role of citrullination in breaking immune tolerance to first generate ACPA and then lead to the onset of chronic joint inflammation.
Investigation of the role of neutrophils in the production of autoantigens in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
In most patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), citrullinated autoantigens are targeted by autoantibodies (ACPA). However, the process leading to protein citrullination by peptidylarginine…
Anti-Citrullinated Peptide/Protein Antibodies and Structural Prognosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Quantity Versus Quality
  • O. Meyer
  • Medicine
    The Journal of Rheumatology
  • 2012
TLDR
In cross-sectional and longitudinal cohort studies of patients with early RA, the presence of ACPA was independent from the disease phenotype, and quantitative considerations are important when using ACPA for diagnostic purposes.
AB0218 Rheumatoid Factor Is Associated with More Parameters of The Disease Activity than Anti-Citrullinated Peptide Antibodies in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
TLDR
ACPA antibodies should be further evaluated in association with parameters of RA disease activity but RF should not be neglected as well.
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TLDR
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