Anesthetic management of the illicit-substance-using patient

@article{Hernandez2005AnestheticMO,
  title={Anesthetic management of the illicit-substance-using patient},
  author={Marcelle Hernandez and David J. Birnbach and Andr{\'e} A. J. Van Zundert},
  journal={Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology},
  year={2005},
  volume={18},
  pages={315–324}
}
Purpose of review During the last few years, drug abuse has risen to the point that almost 20 million Americans are current abusers of illicit substances. These patients present to us as anesthesiologists in a variety of circumstances: in obstetrics for labor and emergencies, in trauma for emergency surgeries or life-saving (resuscitative) situations and in everyday elective surgeries. Therefore it is important for anesthesiologists to know about the most common illicit drugs being used, to… 
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Anesthetic implications of recreational drug use
  • P. Beaulieu
  • Medicine
    Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie
  • 2017
TLDR
It is critical to obtain information about patient drug use and other associated treatment in order to construct an appropriate anesthetic plan, including specific considerations during surgery, emergence, and in the postanesthesia care unit.
Managing Pain in the Addicted Patient
TLDR
In chronic pain patients, the high incidence of illicit drug use is intimately linked to opioid and prescription drug dependence, as well as to the psychosocial, cultural, and environmental factors that affect these individuals.
A review of illicit psychoactive drug use in elective surgery patients: Detection, effects, and policy.
A review of the anesthetic implications of marijuana use
TLDR
The known physiologic effects of marijuana in humans are summarized, potential implications of marijuana use that the anesthesiologist should consider at each phase of the perioperative period are discussed, and recommendations for future study are outlined.
The Addicted Patient
TLDR
As the use and abuse of drugs increases, the likelihood of an anesthesiologist encountering addicted patients perioperatively also will increase, and it is important to know about the most common illicit drugs being used, their clinical presentation and side effects, and to know what anesthetic options would be beneficial or detrimental for patients.
Rave drugs and anesthesiology practice: A pharmacoclinical review
TLDR
This review attempts to increase awareness among anesthesiologists about the emerging societal menace of rave drugs and their pharmacological characteristics, their effects on various organ systems, and their associated anesthetic interactions.
[Anesthesia and the Ecstasy user.].
TLDR
Anesthesiologists should be made aware of the clinical presentation and the damaging effects brought about by 3,4 - methylenedioxymethamphetamine (Ecstasy), as well as the potential interactions with anesthesia, since people who use these substances may find themselves in surgery many times, either due to an emergency situation or by choice.
Rates of Perioperative Complications Among Patients Undergoing Orthopedic Trauma Surgery Despite Having Positive Results for Methamphetamine.
TLDR
A baseline understanding of the complication rate for methamphetamine-positive orthopedic trauma patients during general anesthesia is provided and justification for larger multicenter studies to further investigate this topic is provided.
Drug Abuse and Dependency during Pregnancy: Anaesthetic Issues
TLDR
Given that almost 80% of substance-abusing parturients require anaesthetic services in the perinatal period, early antenatal referral for anaesthetic review is recommended, and patients recovering from drug addiction should also have a well-documented analgesic strategy.
Perioperative management in the patient with substance abuse.
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