An update on the mechanisms of the psychostimulant effects of caffeine

@article{Ferr2008AnUO,
  title={An update on the mechanisms of the psychostimulant effects of caffeine},
  author={Sergi Ferr{\'e}},
  journal={Journal of Neurochemistry},
  year={2008},
  volume={105},
  url={https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:33159096}
}
The present review emphasizes the key integrative role of adenosine and adenoine receptor heteromers in the computation of information at the level of the striatal spine module (SSM) in the psychostimulant effects of caffeine.

New Developments on the Adenosine Mechanisms of the Central Effects of Caffeine and Their Implications for Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Preclinical evidence is reviewed that indicates that caffeine and A2AR antagonists could be used to treat the motivational symptoms of depression and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, while A1R antagonists selectively targeting the spinal A1r–D1R heteromer could be use in the recovery of spinal cord injury.

Caffeine and Adenosine Receptor Modulation of Cannabinoid Influence Upon Cognitive Function

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Caffeine and a selective adenosine A2A receptor antagonist induce sensitization and cross-sensitization behavior associated with increased striatal dopamine in mice

This study demonstrated that low dosages of caffeine and a selective adenosine A2A antagonist SCH58261 elicited locomotor sensitization and cross-sensitization, which were associated with elevated dopamine concentration and TH phosphorylation at Ser31 in the striatum.

Caffeine Controls Glutamatergic Synaptic Transmission and Pyramidal Neuron Excitability in Human Neocortex

The first characterization of the impact of realistic concentrations of caffeine experienced by moderate coffee drinkers (50 μM) on excitability of pyramidal neurons and excitatory synaptic transmission in the human temporal cortex is provided, providing adequate ground for the effects of caffeine on cognition in humans.

Caffeine and adenosine.

Targeting approaches that involve ARs will enhance the possibilities to correct brain dysfunctions, via the universally consumed substance that is caffeine.

Therapeutic Opportunities for Caffeine and A2A Receptor Antagonists in Retinal Diseases

It is conceivable that caffeine and A2AR antagonists offer therapeutic value for the treatment of retinal diseases, mainly those involving microglia-mediated neuroinflammation.
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Caffeine as a psychomotor stimulant: mechanism of action

The present review focuses on the effects of caffeine on striatal signal transduction and on their involvement in caffeine-mediated motor stimulation.

Caffeine and the dopaminergic system

An updated summary of the results reported in the literature concerning the behavioural pharmacology of caffeine and the neurochemical mechanisms underlying the psychostimulant effects elicited by caffeine is provided.

Involvement of adenosine A1 receptors in the discriminative-stimulus effects of caffeine in rats

Adenosine A1 receptor blockade is involved in the discriminative-stimulus effects of behaviorally relevant doses of caffeine; A2A receptor blockade does not play a central role in caffeine’s discrim inative effects and counteracts the A1 receptors-mediated discriminatives-stimuli effects of caffeine.

Opposite modulatory roles for adenosine A1 and A2A receptors on glutamate and dopamine release in the shell of the nucleus accumbens. Effects of chronic caffeine exposure

It is shown that complete tolerance to caffeine's dopamine‐ and glutamate‐releasing effects which develops after chronic caffeine exposure is attributable to an A1 receptor‐mediated mechanism and may explain its weak addictive properties and atypical psychostimulant profile.

Differential glutamate‐dependent and glutamate‐independent adenosine A1 receptor‐mediated modulation of dopamine release in different striatal compartments

It is demonstrated that a fraction of striatal dopaminergic terminals contains adenosine A1 receptors, which directly inhibit dopamine release independently of glutamatergic transmission.

The striopallidal neuron: a main locus for adenosine-dopamine interactions in the brain

The GABAergic striopallidal neuron, which is a key component of the indirect striatal efferent pathway, is a main locus for A2-D2 interactions in the brain and possibly a main target for the central actions of adenosine agonists and antagonists.

Involvement of Adenosine A1 and A2A Receptors in the Motor Effects of Caffeine after its Acute and Chronic Administration

The results suggest that the motor-activating effects of acutely administered caffeine in rats involve the central blockade of both A1 and A2A receptors and that the residual motor-activation effects of caffeine in tolerant individuals might be mostly because of A2 a receptor blockade.
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