Amino acid metabolism during prolonged starvation.

@article{Felig1969AminoAM,
  title={Amino acid metabolism during prolonged starvation.},
  author={Philip Felig and Oliver E. Owen and John Wahren and George F. Cahill},
  journal={The Journal of clinical investigation},
  year={1969},
  volume={48 3},
  pages={
          584-94
        }
}
Plasma concentration, splanchnic and renal exchange, and urinary excretion of 20 amino acids were studied in obese subjects during prolonged (5-6 wk) starvation. [] Key ResultA transient increase in plasma valine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, and alpha-aminobutyrate was noted during the 1st wk of starvation. A delayed, progressive increase in glycine, threonine, and serine occurred after the 1st 5 days.
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Pregnancy accelerates and exaggerates the hypoalaninemic and hyperglycinemic effects of starvation; lack of key endogenous substrate rather than altered intrahepatic processes may limit hepatic gluconeogenesis in pregnancy and contribute to gestational hypoglycemia; and maternal caloric deprivation profoundly alters the levels of amino acids in amniotic fluid.
Effects of brief starvation on muscle amino acid metabolism in nonobese man.
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With brief starvation, muscle release of glycogenic amino acids increases strikingly, contrasted with the reduction of amino acid release characterizing prolonged starvation, which is best explained by the decrease in insulin.
Protein and amino acid metabolism during early starvation as reflected by excretion of urea and methylhistidines.
Metabolic responses to prolonged fasting and subsequent refeeding in the pig.
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Metabolic responses associated with prolonged fasting and subsequent refeeding of pigs were investigated and fatty acid synthesis and glucose oxidation were virtually abolished in hepatic and adipose tissue in pigs subjected to a 14- or 28-day fast.
Effect of ketone infusions on amino acid and nitrogen metabolism in man.
TLDR
It is concluded that increased blood ketone acid levels induced by infusions of Na DL-beta-hydroxybutyrate result in hypoalaninemia and in nitrogen conservation in starvation.
Effect of starvation on the turnover and metabolic response to leucine.
  • R. Sherwin
  • Medicine, Biology
    The Journal of clinical investigation
  • 1978
TLDR
Infusion of exogenous leucine in prolonged fasting results in a decline in plasma levels of other amino acids, improvement in nitrogen balance and unchanged excretion of 3-methylhistidine, thus suggesting stimulation of muscle protein synthesis.
Nitrogen sparing induced by a mixture of essential amino acids given chiefly as their keto-analogues during prolonged starvation in obese subjects.
TLDR
The results indicate that this mixture of essential amino acids and their keto-analogues facilitates nitrogen sparing during prolonged starvation, in part by conversion of the ketoacids to amino acids or by altering mechanisms of nitrogen conservation.
Influence of endogenous insulin secretion on splanchnic glucose and amino acid metabolism in man.
TLDR
Inhibition of hepatic glucose production associated with glucose infusion and large increments in insulin levels occurs in the absence of a decrease in the concentration of circulating gluconeogenic substrate, suggesting an hepatic rather than peripheral effect.
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References

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This study quantifies the concentrations of circulating insulin, growth hormone, glucose, free fatty acids, glycerol, beta-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate, and alpha amino nitrogen in 11 obese subjects…
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TLDR
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