Altered glutamate metabolism is associated with reduced muscle glutathione levels in patients with emphysema.

@article{Engelen2000AlteredGM,
  title={Altered glutamate metabolism is associated with reduced muscle glutathione levels in patients with emphysema.},
  author={Mari{\"e}lle P.K.J. Engelen and Annemie M.W.J. Schols and Joan D Does and Nicolaas E. P. Deutz and Emiel F. M. Wouters},
  journal={American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine},
  year={2000},
  volume={161 1},
  pages={
          98-103
        }
}
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is often characterized by an impaired skeletal muscle energy metabolism, which is at least partly related to chronic hypoxia and a reduced diffusing capacity. We have found that muscle glutamate (Glu), which is negatively influenced by these conditions, was reduced in patients with severe COPD. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the reduced intracellular Glu level in patients with emphysema is associated with an increased muscle… 
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TLDR
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It is concluded that although endurance training increased muscle redox potential in healthy subjects, patients with COPD showed a reduced ability to adapt to endurance training reflected in lower capacity to synthesize GSH.
Skeletal muscle glutamate metabolism in health and disease: state of the art
TLDR
Specific intervention studies must be conducted to investigate the effect of supplementation on skeletal muscle glutamate turnover and its related metabolic and functional consequences in healthy individuals and in patients with acute or chronic disease.
Glutamate metabolism and supplementation in COPD
Background: Experimental studies indicate that greater skeletal muscle protein breakdown is a trigger for the cachexia that often is prevalent in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).…
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