Allergic reactions to the first COVID‐19 vaccine: A potential role of polyethylene glycol?

@article{Cabanillas2020AllergicRT,
  title={Allergic reactions to the first COVID‐19 vaccine: A potential role of polyethylene glycol?},
  author={Beatriz Cabanillas and Cezmi A. Akdis and Natalija Novak},
  journal={Allergy},
  year={2020},
  volume={76}
}
The COVID-19 vaccine developed by Pfizer and BioNTech was approved by the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) in the United Kingdom (UK) on December 2nd 2020.1 MHRA is therefore the first regulator agency in the world to approve a vaccine to prevent coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a virus that is responsible for a global pandemic. 
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To the Editor, Thank you for the correspondence of Borgsteede et al “Other excipients than PEG might cause serious hypersensitivity reactions in COVID19 vaccines.”1 We agree with the authors and…
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An ongoing multinational randomised controlled trial assessing the safety of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine reported few localized cutaneous reactions at the injection site, but no significant adverse cutaneous allergic reactions.
Practical handling of allergic reactions to COVID-19 vaccines
TLDR
Recommendations for prophylaxis, diagnosis and therapy of these allergic reactions are given by a panel of experts, and allergy workup is recommended, as it is for a small potential risk population prior to the first vaccination.
Who Is Really at Risk for Anaphylaxis Due to COVID-19 Vaccine?
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COVID-19 Vaccine Anaphylaxis: Current Evidence and Future Approaches
  • W. Laisuan
  • Medicine, Biology
    Frontiers in Allergy
  • 2021
TLDR
Skin testing, using the basophil activation test, has been used to clarify the mechanism of the anaphylaxis and provide safety information for the next injection and suggested approaches for patients who experienced an immediate severe allergic reaction to the first dose of a COVID-19 vaccine.
Adverse rare events to vaccines for COVID-19: From hypersensitivity reactions to thrombosis and thrombocytopenia
TLDR
An updated review of the last scientific findings that can explain the rare side effects that the vaccines for COVID-19 can produce is provided.
Allergy to COVID-19 vaccines: A current update
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References

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TLDR
A two-dose regimen of BNT162b2 conferred 95% protection against Covid-19 in persons 16 years of age or older and safety over a median of 2 months was similar to that of other viral vaccines.
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Polyethylene glycol as a cause of anaphylaxis
TLDR
Potential life-threatening hypersensitivity reactions to hidden molecules like macrogol may be underdiagnosed and the awareness regarding the allergenic potential of PEG should be raised and a proper product labelling is crucial to prevent PEG mediated hypersensitivity.
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A case of anaphylaxis caused by macrogol 3350 after injection of a corticosteroid
TLDR
Macrogols are polymers of ethylene glycol, and are widely used in food and food packaging, and also in cosmetics and pharmaceutical preparations as solvents, softening agents, and lubricants.
Anti-PEG IgE In Anaphylaxis Associated with Polyethylene Glycol.
Polyethylene glycols and polysorbates: Two still neglected ingredients causing true IgE-mediated reactions.