Advantages, disadvantages and desirable characteristics of shade trees for coffee, cacao and tea

@article{Beer2004AdvantagesDA,
  title={Advantages, disadvantages and desirable characteristics of shade trees for coffee, cacao and tea},
  author={John Beer},
  journal={Agroforestry Systems},
  year={2004},
  volume={5},
  pages={3-13}
}
  • J. Beer
  • Published 1 March 1987
  • Biology
  • Agroforestry Systems
A review is made of the ecological interactions that occur between shade trees and the perennial crops: coffee (Coffee spp. L.), cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) and tea (Camellia sinensis L. Kuntze). These interactions are classified firstly as advantages or disadvantages, and secondly as: effects on crop management; effects on the hydrological cycle; effects on pathogens, insects and climatic conditions; and effects on soils. References are given for the 20 advantageous and 16 disadvantageous… 
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199 Citations
Highly Influential Citations
12
Background Citations
108
Methods Citations
1
Results Citations
5

199 Citations

Shade management in coffee and cacao plantations
Shade trees reduce the stress of coffee (Coffea spp.) and cacao (Theobroma cacao) by ameliorating adverse climatic conditions and nutritional imbalances, but they may also compete for growth…
Neighbor Trees: Shade, Intercropping, and Cacao in Ecuador
Previous studies have shown that shade trees in cacao and coffee are important habitats for inter-American migratory birds. A survey of 21 cacao farmers along the northern, central, and southern…
Effects of Inga densiflora on the microclimate of coffee (Coffea arabica L.) and overall biomass under optimal growing conditions in Costa Rica
TLDR
Investigating the impact of Inga densiflora, a very common shade tree in Central America, on the microclimate, yield and vegetative development of shaded coffee in comparison to coffee monoculture found Inga-shaded plantations appeared more advantageous than MC in optimal conditions.
The influence of shade trees on coffee quality in small holder coffee agroforestry systems in Southern Colombia
Organic Farming Practices and Shade Trees Reduce Pest Infestations in Robusta Coffee Systems in Amazonia
TLDR
It is demonstrated for the first time how intensified input use might promote pest populations and thus ultimately lead to robusta coffee yield losses.
Impact of shade on morpho-physiological characteristics of coffee plants, their pests and diseases: A review
TLDR
The advantages of shade for coffee production, the responses of coffee plants to shade in morphology, physiology, and effects on coffee pest and diseases and finally, the effect of shade on coffee pests and diseases are discussed.
Allometric relationships of frequently used shade tree species in cacao agroforestry systems in Sulawesi, Indonesia
TLDR
The transferability tests ‘analysis of covariance’ and ‘homogeneity of slopes’ have shown that the obtained allometric functions are also applicable to other cacao agroforestry systems of the region.
Litter production and nutrient cycling in coffee (Coffea arabica) or cacao (Theobroma cacao) plantations with shade trees
  • J. Beer
  • Biology
    Agroforestry Systems
  • 2004
TLDR
Litter productivity is a more important shade tree characteristic than N fixation in fertilized plantations of cacao and coffee, and the consequences of competition with the crop should not be a serious limitation.
Socioeconomic benefits of shade trees in coffee production systems in Bonga and Yayuhurumu districts, southwestern Ethiopia: Farmers’ perceptions
Coffea Arabica is extensively cultivated by households under a variety of shade trees in southwestern Ethiopia. The main purpose of this study was to assess the overall farmers' perception on the…
EFFECTS OF ABIOTIC FACTORS ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF CACAO SEEDLINGS
Cacao, one of the world’s most important perennial crops, is almost exclusively explored for chocolate manufacturing. Most cacao varieties belong to three groups: Criollo, Forastero and Trinitario…
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References

SHOWING 1-10 OF 69 REFERENCES
Dimensions, volumes and growth of Cordia alliodora in agroforestry systems.
The end of the first cocoa shade and manurial experiment at the Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana
TLDR
Deterioration of cocoa was rapid under the no-shade conditions partly because of the high loss of exchangeable bases and the greater stress caused by the higher yield, and therefore the economic life of an unshaded Amelonado cocoa farm in Ghana may not last for more than 10 years of intensive cropping.
A água do solo e o sombreamento dos cafezais na américa central
TLDR
It is suggested that a comparative study of the moisture-tension curves of soils of Sao Paulo and Central America might explain the different behavior of the coffee plant with shade under these two different conditions.
Effect of shade trees on tea yields
New developments in cocoa shade studies in Ghana
Attention is drawn to the lack of confirmation for the results of the Amelonado cocoa shade and manurial experiment, Tafo, K1. The shade of this experiment has recently been determined as reducing…
Nutrient cycling in two traditional Central American agroforestry systems
A preliminary nutrient cycling study quantified total and temporal nutrient inputs via litterfall and pruning residues in two agroforestry systems: (1) Coffea arabica (perennial crop)-Erythrina…
Nitrogen Cycling in Ecosystems of Latin America and the Caribbean
Plant assimilation and nitrogen cycling.- Microbiological regulation of the biogeochemical nitrogen cycle.- Simulation of nitrogen in agro-ecosystems: Criteria for model selection and use.- Nitrogen…
Tropical Planting and Gardening:
AbstractIN Ceylon, cultivation, whether for profit or pleasure, is conducted under very varied conditions due to the great range of both altitude and rainfall. A comprehensive account of what is…
Leaf Temperature, Leaf Pose and Productivity of the Tea Bush
A REVIEW of the effects of radiation on the yield of a wide range of plants led Blackman and Black to conclude that “where other environmental factors are favourable, light may limit dry matter…
Melhoramento do Cafeeiro: XXI - Comportamento regional de variedades. Linhagens e progênies de café ao sol e à sombra
TLDR
Plantaram-se em fins of 1945, nas estacoes experimentais do Instituto Agronomico localizadas em Campinas, Ribeirao Preto e Pindorama, ensaios compreendendo progenies, linhagens e variedades of cafeeiros selecionados a fim of estudar a sua reacao em ambiente ensolarado e a sombra de ingazeiros.
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