Acute Physiologic and Chronic Histologic Changes in Rats and Mice Exposed to the Unique Hallucinogen Salvinorin A

@article{Mowry2003AcutePA,
  title={Acute Physiologic and Chronic Histologic Changes in Rats and Mice Exposed to the Unique Hallucinogen Salvinorin A},
  author={M Mowry and Michael D. Mosher and Wayne Briner},
  journal={Journal of Psychoactive Drugs},
  year={2003},
  volume={35},
  pages={379 - 382}
}
Abstract Salvinorin A is a unique hallucinogen that is seeing increased use in humans. It is not currently a controlled substance and is used as a legal alternative to controlled substances. Usually smoked or buccally absorbed by chewing, doses of approximately 200mcg can produce profound hallucinogenic effects of short duration. The mechanism of action of salvinorin A is at the k-opioid receptor. Little data is available on the medical effects of this substance so animal studies were… 
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61 Citations

Human psychopharmacology and dose-effects of salvinorin A, a kappa opioid agonist hallucinogen present in the plant Salvia divinorum.
uman psychopharmacology and dose-effects of salvinorin A , a kappa opioid gonist hallucinogen present in the plant Salvia divinorum atthew
TLDR
Under prepared and supportive conditions, salvinorin A occasioned a unique profile of subjective effects having similarities to classic hallucinogens, including mystical-type experience and subjective effects associated with classic serotonergic (5-HT2A) hallucinationsinogens (Hallucinogen Rating Scale).
Acute and post-acute behavioral and psychological effects of salvinorin A in humans
TLDR
The present results indicate similarities as well as differences between the subjective effects of S. divinorum and other hallucinogenic states beyond serotonergic mechanisms as a selective kappa opioid receptor agonist.
Hallucinatory and rewarding effect of salvinorin A in zebrafish: κ-opioid and CB1-cannabinoid receptor involvement
TLDR
Results indicate that salvinorin A, as is sometimes reported in humans, exhibits rewarding effects, independently from its motor activity, suggesting the usefulness of the zebrafish model to study addictive behavior.
Pharmacokinetics of the plant‐derived κ‐opioid hallucinogen salvinorin A in nonhuman primates
TLDR
Pharmacokinetic differences were observed between males and females, suggesting potential sex differences in its pharmacologic effects, and Salvinorin B, the presumed major metabolite, is observed to accumulate ex vivo; however, in this study it never reached the limit of detection.
Pharmacokinetics of the plant-derived kappa-opioid hallucinogen salvinorin A in nonhuman primates.
TLDR
Pharmacokinetic differences were observed between males and females, suggesting potential sex differences in its pharmacologic effects, and Salvinorin B, the presumed major metabolite, is observed to accumulate ex vivo; however, in this study it never reached the limit of detection.
Learning and Memory Impairment Induced by Salvinorin A, the Principal Ingredient of Salvia divinorum, in Wistar Rats
TLDR
It is demonstrated for the first time that salvinorin A has deleterious effects on learning and memory, through a κ-opioid receptor mechanism.
Kappa-opioid receptor-mediated effects of the plant-derived hallucinogen, salvinorin A, on inverted screen performance in the mouse
TLDR
In the mouse, salvinorin A disrupted climbing behavior on an inverted screen task, indicating a rapid, but short-lived induction of sedation/motor incoordination and the possibility that the development of other diterpene-based opioids may yield important therapeutic compounds.
A unique natural selective kappa-opioid receptor agonist, salvinorin A, and its roles in human therapeutics.
Cytotoxic Effects of Salvinorin A, A Major Constituent of Salvia divinorum.
TLDR
This is the first work focused on the in vitro toxicity of S. divinorum and salvinorin A using a variety of cell lines, which are extensively described in literature and have been widely used in several in vitro studies.
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