Abrupt and Gradual Extinction Among Late Permian Land Vertebrates in the Karoo Basin, South Africa

@article{Ward2005AbruptAG,
  title={Abrupt and Gradual Extinction Among Late Permian Land Vertebrates in the Karoo Basin, South Africa},
  author={Peter D. Ward and Jennifer Botha and Roger Buick and Michiel O. de Kock and Douglas H. Erwin and Geoffrey H. Garrison and Joseph L. Kirschvink and Roger M. H. Smith},
  journal={Science},
  year={2005},
  volume={307},
  pages={709 - 714}
}
The Karoo basin of South Africa exposes a succession of Upper Permian to Lower Triassic terrestrial strata containing abundant terrestrial vertebrate fossils. Paleomagnetic/magnetostratigraphic and carbon-isotope data allow sections to be correlated across the basin. With this stratigraphy, the vertebrate fossil data show a gradual extinction in the Upper Permian punctuated by an enhanced extinction pulse at the Permian-Triassic boundary interval, particularly among the dicynodont therapsids… Expand
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Comment on "Abrupt and Gradual Extinction Among Late Permian Land Vertebrates in the Karoo Basin, South Africa"
In a groundbreaking paper, Ward et al . ([ 1 ][1]) provided both the stratigraphic context and a quantitative description of the terrestrial vertebrate fossil record across the Permian-Triassic (P-T)… Expand
The terrestrial Permian-Triassic boundary event bed is a nonevent
A unique isochronous interval in the Karoo Basin, South Africa, previously has been interpreted to postdate vertebrate extinction at the Permian-Triassic boundary in the Bethulie area, Lootsberg… Expand
Multiple Permian-Triassic life crises on land and at sea
Abstract The largest mass extinction in the history of life was during the Late Permian, ca 252 Ma. New evidence from stable isotopic composition and Bk metrics of paleosols from the Late Permian to… Expand
Is the vertebrate-defined Permian-Triassic boundary in the Karoo Basin, South Africa, the terrestrial expression of the end-Permian marine event?
The end-Permian extinction records the greatest ecological catastrophe in Earth history. The vertebrate fossil record in the Karoo Basin, South Africa, has been used for more than a century as the… Expand
The recovery of terrestrial vertebrate diversity in the South African Karoo Basin after the end-Permian extinction
Abstract The southern half of the main Karoo Basin in South Africa contains an almost continuous stratigraphic record of terrestrial sedimentation through the Permo-Triassic boundary (PTB). Detailed… Expand
Global climate perturbations during the Permo-Triassic mass extinctions recorded by continental tetrapods from South Africa
Several studies of the marine sedimentary record have documented the evolution of global climate during the Permo-Triassic mass extinction. By contrast, the continental records have been less… Expand
Organic Carbon Isotope Stratigraphy of the Karoo Supergroup
Carbon isotopes are being used increasingly for high resolution chemostratigraphy. δ13C variations provide relative temperature scales that can be complemented with litho- and bio-stratigraphy to… Expand
A Review of Stratigraphic, Geochemical, and Paleontologic Data of the Terrestrial End-Permian Record in the Karoo Basin, South Africa
The Karoo Basin has long been considered to contain the type stratigraphic succession for the terrestrial expression of the end-Permian mass extinction. A detailed extinction model, based on… Expand
Rapid vertebrate recuperation in the Karoo Basin of South Africa following the End-Permian extinction
The mass extinction that occurred at the end of the Permian Period approximately 251 Mya is widely accepted as the most devastating extinction event in Earth’s history. An estimated 75–90% of global… Expand
Intrabasin variability of the carbon-isotope record across the Permian–Triassic transition, Sverdrup Basin, Arctic Canada
Abstract A major late Paleozoic depocentre, the Sverdrup Basin, Canadian High Arctic, has been largely left out of the latest Permian extinction debate, as early workers presumed Middle to Late… Expand
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