Abnormally high circulation levels of tissue plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in patients with a history of ischemic stroke.

@article{Margaglione1994AbnormallyHC,
  title={Abnormally high circulation levels of tissue plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in patients with a history of ischemic stroke.},
  author={Maurizio Margaglione and Giovanni Di Minno and Elvira Grandone and Gennaro Vecchione and Egidio Celentano and Giuseppe Cappucci and M. Grilli and Paterni Simone and Salvatore Panico and Mario Mancini},
  journal={Arteriosclerosis and thrombosis : a journal of vascular biology},
  year={1994},
  volume={14 11},
  pages={
          1741-5
        }
}
We evaluated 106 subjects with and 109 subjects without a history of ischemic stroke. All were attending a metabolic ward. The two groups were compared for major risk factors for ischemic events. A positive family history for ischemic complications of atherosclerosis was more common in subjects with a history of stroke than in those without; moreover, plasma levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and tissue-type plasminogen activator (TPA) were higher in patients with documented… 
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115 Citations

Tissue plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor in patients with acute ischemic stroke: relation to stroke etiology.

Plasma tPA antigen, PAI-1 antigen, and PAI activity are significantly increased in patients with acute ischemic stroke, and this increase appears not to be related to the underlying stroke etiology.

Tissue Plasminogen Activator Mass Concentration in Ischemic Acute Stroke Patients

Examination of variations of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) antigen concentrations over time after stroke suggested that increased t-PA levels exist in ischemic stroke and the endogenous fibrinolytic system is activated during acute and subacute periods of isChemic stroke.

Plasma lipoprotein(a) levels in subjects attending a metabolic ward. Discrimination between individuals with and without a history of ischemic stroke.

In this setting, the relation between Lp(a) and cerebral ischemia appears to be limited to individuals below 70 years with elevated (> 50 mg/dL) plasma levels of the lipoprotein.

Elevated tissue plasminogen activator antigen and stroke risk: The Stroke Prevention In Young Women Study.

This population-based case-control study shows that elevated plasma tPA antigen level is independently associated with an increased risk for ischemic stroke in nondiabetic females 15 to 44 years of age.

Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) 4G/5G Promoter Polymorphism and Levels in Subjects with Cerebrovascular Disease

Elevated circulating levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, the principle inactivator of the fibrinolytic system, have been related to the development of myocardial infarction and there is evidence that a polymorphism in the promoter region of the PAI-1 gene is associated with circulating PAi-1 levels.

Tissue plasminogen activator, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, and tissue plasminogen activator/plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 complex as risk factors for the development of a first stroke.

This prospective study shows that tPA/PAI-1 complex, a novel fibrinolytic marker, is independently associated with the development of a first-ever stroke, especially hemorrhagic stroke, which supports the hypothesis that disturbances in fibralelysis precede a cerebrovascular event.

Role of fibrinolytic markers in acute stroke.

High t-PA antigen in acute stroke patients probably indicates a poor prognosis and its value as a marker for monitoring and prognostication needs to be evaluated as a routine clinical practice.

Increased Plasma Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor‐1 Levels: A Possible Marker of Hypertensive Target Organ Damage

Elevated PAI‐1 levels are associated with target organ damage in subjects with newly diagnosed arterial hypertension and it can be postulated that this fibrinolytic inhibitor may characterize hypertensives in the early stages of the atherothrombotic process.

Determinants of tPA Antigen and Associations with Coronary Artery Disease and Acute Cerebrovascular Disease

The data suggest that the associations of tPA with acute thrombosis are independent of levels of PAI-1 but the mechanisms whereby enhanced fibrinolysis may predis-pose to thromBosis remain unclear.

Increased tissue plasminogen activator levels in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation.

NVAF patients, regardless of their history of embolic events, and control patients with a history of thrombotic stroke have higher tPA levels than subjects in sinus rhythm without a historyof stroke.
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44 References

Increased plasma levels of a rapid inhibitor of tissue plasminogen activator in young survivors of myocardial infarction.

Reduced fibrinolytic capacity due to increased plasma levels of a rapid inhibitor of t-PA may have pathogenetic importance in myocardial infarction, particularly in patients with hypertriglyceridemia.

Prospective study of endogenous tissue plasminogen activator and risk of stroke

Plasminogen activator inhibitor activity in diabetic and nondiabetic survivors of myocardial infarction.

Survivors of myocardial infarction and the diabetic survivors had higher levels of PAI-1 activity and antigen and tissue-type plasminogen activator activator (t-PA) antigen than control subjects and the nondiabetic survivors, and no difference in PAi-1 antigen levels was found.

Endogenous tissue-type plasminogen activator and risk of myocardial infarction

PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR INHIBITOR IN PLASMA: RISK FACTOR FOR RECURRENT MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

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In patients with coronary artery disease fibrinolytic activity is impaired by an increase in plasminogen activator inhibitor, which may be related to the clinical evolution of coronary arteries disease in these patients.

Tissue plasminogen activator and other risk factors as predictors of cardiovascular events in patients with severe angina pectoris.

The incidence of cardiovascular events is found to be positively associated with high tissue plasminogen activator antigen concentration, in addition to previous myocardial infarction, low ejection fraction, hypertension, high body mass index and high triglyceride levels.

Increased fibrin turnover and high PAI-1 activity as predictors of ischemic events in atherosclerotic patients. A case-control study. The PLAT Group.

A case-control comparison within the framework of the prospective, multidisciplinary PLAT Study was performed to assess whether altered baseline fibrinolytic variables were associated with an…

Haemostatic function in myocardial infarction.

Multivariate analysis indicated that a combination of fibrinogen and tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor concentrations gave the best independent discrimination between male patients and controls.

Genetic variation at the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 locus is associated with altered levels of plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 activity.

The data suggest that genetic variation at this locus contributes to between-individual differences in the level of plasma PAI-1, which is important in fibrinolysis and the pathogenesis of MI.