ACCUMULATION OF OLEIC ACID IN HAEMATOCOCCUS PLUVIALIS (CHLOROPHYCEAE) UNDER NITROGEN STARVATION OR HIGH LIGHT IS CORRELATED WITH THAT OF ASTAXANTHIN ESTERS1

@article{Zhekisheva2002ACCUMULATIONOO,
  title={ACCUMULATION OF OLEIC ACID IN HAEMATOCOCCUS PLUVIALIS (CHLOROPHYCEAE) UNDER NITROGEN STARVATION OR HIGH LIGHT IS CORRELATED WITH THAT OF ASTAXANTHIN ESTERS1},
  author={Mirash Zhekisheva and Sammy Boussiba and Inna Khozin‐Goldberg and Aliza Zarka and Zvi Cohen},
  journal={Journal of Phycology},
  year={2002},
  volume={38}
}
The chlorophyte Haematococcus pluvialis accumulates large quantities of astaxanthin under stress conditions. Under either nitrogen starvation or high light, the production of each picogram of astaxanthin was accompanied by that of 5 or 3–4 pg of fatty acids, respectively. In both cases, the newly formed fatty acids, consisting mostly of oleic (up to 34% of fatty acids in comparison with 13% in the control), palmitic, and linoleic acids, were deposited mostly in triacylglycerols. Furthermore… 
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242 Citations

Pigment Composition of Haematococcus pluvialis Green Alga under the Action of Several Inducers of Astaxanthin Accumulation

The effective induction of the astaxanthin synthesis, mainly in the form of monoesters of fatty acids, was shown after 20 days of cultivation under high-intensity light and with the addition of 1–2 g/L of sodium acetate to the culture medium.

Enhancement of astaxanthin biosynthesis in Haematococcus pluvialis via inhibition of autophagy by 3-methyladenine under high light

INHIBITION OF ASTAXANTHIN SYNTHESIS UNDER HIGH IRRADIANCE DOES NOT ABOLISH TRIACYLGLYCEROL ACCUMULATION IN THE GREEN ALGA HAEMATOCOCCUS PLUVIALIS (CHLOROPHYCEAE) 1

It is suggested that TAG accumulation under high irradiance is not tightly coupled with astaxanthin accumulation, although the correlation between these two processes was demonstrated earlier.

Simultaneous production of astaxanthin and lipids from Chlorella sorokiniana in the presence of reactive oxygen species: a biorefinery approach

The simultaneous production of high value-added products, viz., astaxanthin, and lipids makes the whole process economically viable and environmentally sustainable and elevates the commercial potential during scale-up.

Simultaneous production of astaxanthin and lipids from Chlorella sorokiniana in the presence of reactive oxygen species: a biorefinery approach

The simultaneous production of high value-added products, viz., astaxanthin, and lipids makes the whole process economically viable and environmentally sustainable and elevates the commercial potential during scale-up.

Accumulation of Astaxanthin by a New Haematococcus pluvialis Strain BM1 from the White Sea Coastal Rocks (Russia)

A novel arctic strain BM1 of a carotenogenic chlorophyte from a coastal habitat with harsh environmental conditions identified as Haematococcus pluvialis Flotow is reported on, capable of a massive accumulation of the keto-carotenoid astaxanthin with a high nutraceutical and therapeutic potential.

Simultaneous improvement of astaxanthin and lipid production of Haematococcus pluvialis by using walnut shell extracts

Gene expression profiling of astaxanthin and fatty acid pathways in Haematococcus pluvialis in response to different LED lighting conditions.

Haematococcus pluvialis Accumulated Lipid and Astaxanthin in a Moderate and Sustainable Way by the Self-Protection Mechanism of Salicylic Acid Under Sodium Acetate Stress

Transcriptome analysis revealed that SA and NaAC provide both energy and precursors to improve cell growth of H. pluvialis and enhance carbon assimilation, astaxanthin, and fatty acids production in this microalga with an effective mechanism.

Antioxidant activity of Haematococcus pluvialis cells grown in continuous culture as a function of their carotenoid and fatty acid content

Special attention should be paid to the one-step continuous system approach for the generation of cells rich in both astaxanthin and fatty acids, as they have high antioxidant activity but without thick hard cell wall.
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34 References

Astaxanthin Accumulation in the Green Alga Haematococcus pluvialis1

Cells of the green microalga Haematococcus pluvialis were induced to accumulate the ketocarotenoid pigment, astaxanthin by the application of the following environmental conditions: light intensity, phosphate starvation and salt stress, which retarded cell growth as reflected by a decrease in cell division rate, but led to an increase in astaxantha content per cell.

Changes in pigments profile in the green alga Haeamtococcus pluvialis exposed to environmental stresses

Haematococcus green culture starved for either nitrogen or phosphate accumulated astaxanthin up to 4% cell dry wt (2.6 g l−1) under nitrogen starvation, and HPLC profiles of carotenoids monitored along the starvation process revealed that astrixanthin esters accounted for more than 99% of total carotens at the end of the exposure period at both starvations.

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The results suggest that astaxanthin synthesis proceeds via cantaxanth in Haematococcus and that this exceptional stress response is mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) through a mechanism which is not yet understood.

Ketocarotenoid Biosynthesis Outside of Plastids in the Unicellular Green Alga Haematococcus pluvialis *

It is discovered that under inductive conditions, β-carotene oxygenase was localized both in the chloroplast and in the cytoplasmic lipid vesicles, which are (according to their lipid composition) derived from cytopLasmic membranes.

REGULATION OF FATTY ACID COMPOSITION BY IRRADIANCE LEVEL IN THE EUSTIGMATOPHYTE NANNOCHLOROPSIS SP. 1

Changes in lipid content and composition were qualitatively related to changes in cell morphology and physiological implications of the changes in cellular lipid composition and ultrastructure are discussed in relation to light/shade adaptation.

Effect on Environmental Conditions on the Molecular Species Composition of Galactolipids in the Alga Porphyridium Cruentum

The aim of the present work was to study the effect of cultivation temperature and biomass density on the molecular species composition of the major galactolipids, MGDG and DGDG, in Porphyridium cruentum.

Oleic acid is the main fatty acid related with carotenogenesis in Dunaliella salina

The oleic acid (18:1) content maintained a positive and significant correlation with the carotene content per cell and with the irradiance, and may be the main determinant of this correlation.

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It is concluded that under normal conditions the carotenogenic pathway is not maximally active and may be appreciably stimulated in the presence of sequestering structures, creating a plastid-localized sink for the end product of theCarotenoid biosynthetic pathway.

Regulation of two carotenoid biosynthesis genes coding for phytoene synthase and carotenoid hydroxylase during stress-induced astaxanthin formation in the green alga Haematococcus pluvialis.

The application of an inhibitor of photosynthesis indicated that the light-induced expression of these carotenoid biosynthesis genes may be under photosynthetic control.

THE EFFECT OF GROWTH TEMPERATURE AND CULTURE DENSITY ON THE MOLECULAR SPECIES COMPOSITION OF THE GALACTOLIPIDS IN THE RED MICROALGA PORPHYHDIUM CRUENTUM (RHODOPHYTA) 1

The results suggest that the red microalga Porphyridium cruentum Nag, and perhaps eukaryotic molecular species in general, may play a role in the adaptation of cells to low growth temperatures.