A trial of mass isoniazid preventive therapy for tuberculosis control.

@article{Churchyard2014ATO,
  title={A trial of mass isoniazid preventive therapy for tuberculosis control.},
  author={Gavin J Churchyard and Katherine L. Fielding and James J. Lewis and Leonie Coetzee and Elizabeth Lucy Corbett and Peter Godfrey-Faussett and Richard J. Hayes and Richard E. Chaisson and Alison D. Grant},
  journal={The New England journal of medicine},
  year={2014},
  volume={370 4},
  pages={
          301-10
        }
}
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis is epidemic among workers in South African gold mines. We evaluated an intervention to interrupt tuberculosis transmission by means of mass screening that was linked to treatment for active disease or latent infection. METHODS In a cluster-randomized study, we designated 15 clusters with 78,744 miners as either intervention clusters (40,981 miners in 8 clusters) or control clusters (37,763 miners in 7 clusters). In the intervention clusters, all miners were offered… 
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The timing of tuberculosis after isoniazid preventive therapy among gold miners in South Africa: a prospective cohort study
TLDR
The durability of protection by IPT was lost within 6–12 months in this setting with a high HIV prevalence and a high annual risk of M. tuberculosis infection, suggesting that reactivation of persistent latent infection played a role in the rapid return to baseline TB incidence.
Tuberculosis Control in South African Gold Mines: Mathematical Modeling of a Trial of Community-Wide Isoniazid Preventive Therapy
TLDR
A dynamic mathematical model fitted to trial data suggests that a small proportion of latent infections among human immunodeficiency virus–positive people were cured and could have been a key factor explaining the lack of detectable population-level impact.
Risk of Disease After Isoniazid Preventive Therapy for Mycobacterium tuberculosis Exposure in Young HIV-uninfected Children
TLDR
In young HIV-uninfected children, the effect of IPT on risk of TB disease is similar, whether TB exposure was defined by household contact history or by positive QFT-GIT result.
Tuberculosis preventive therapy: an underutilised strategy to reduce individual risk of TB and contribute to TB control.
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health problem, and South Africa (SA) has one of the world's worst TB epidemics. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated in 1999 that one-third of the world's…
Latent Tuberculosis in Health Care Workers Exposed to Active Tuberculosis in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Oman.
TLDR
The high prevalence of LTBI in exposed HCW merits further evaluation of the screening and treatment programs in the country and future countrywide studies are warranted to provide more precise statistics on the prevalence and management of this public health issue.
Effect of isoniazid preventive therapy on immune responses to mycobacterium tuberculosis: an open label randomised, controlled, exploratory study
TLDR
IPT led to a decrease in Th1 cytokine production, and also in the anti CFP-10 antibody concentration, and this could be secondary to a reduction in mycobacterial burden or as a possible direct effect of isoniazid induced T cell apoptosis.
Adherence to Isoniazid Preventive Therapy (IPT) among Children in Close Contact with Adult Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) Patients
TLDR
Adherence to IPT in this study is low and strategies like community tracing of defaulters using trained social workers and community nurses as well as use of well-supervised and convenient ambulatory treatment centres that are manned by trained lower cadre health staff can improve adherence.
Cost-effectiveness of tuberculosis screening and isoniazid treatment in the TB/HIV in Rio (THRio) Study.
  • M. Azadi, D. Bishai, +8 authors J. Golub
  • Medicine, Political Science
    The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
  • 2014
TLDR
Training health care workers to screen HIV-infected adults with TST and provide IPT to those with latent tuberculous infection can be considered cost-effective relative to the Brazilian GDP per capita.
Cost Effectiveness of Preventive Treatment for Tuberculosis in Special High-Risk Populations
TLDR
To date, incremental cost-effectiveness analyses on PT in groups at high risk for TB progression, other than contacts, are surprisingly scarce and variations found between studies likely reflects variations in the major epidemiologic factors.
Impact of Isoniazid Preventive Therapy for HIV-Infected Adults in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: An Epidemiological Model
TLDR
TB screening and IPT delivery can substantially reduce TB incidence and mortality amongPLHIV in urban, moderate-burden settings and can be an important component of a multi-faceted strategy to feasibly reduce the burden of TB in PLHIV.
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