A meta-analysis of the role of smoking in inflammatory bowel disease
@article{Calkins1989AMO, title={A meta-analysis of the role of smoking in inflammatory bowel disease}, author={Beverly M. Calkins}, journal={Digestive Diseases and Sciences}, year={1989}, volume={34}, pages={1841-1854} }
A relationship between not smoking and ulcerative colitis has been examined in all English reports. This paper evaluates the ulcerative colitis/nonsmoking and the Crohn's disease/smoking association by meta-analysis and against causality criterion for chronic diseases. A review of the literature, meta-analysis of selected studies, and assessment of causality criterion all suggest that not smoking and ulcerative colitis and smoking and Crohn's disease are consistent with a causal relationship…
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