A different approach to validating screening assays for developmental toxicity.

@article{Daston2010ADA,
  title={A different approach to validating screening assays for developmental toxicity.},
  author={George P. Daston and Robert E. Chapin and Anthony R. Scialli and Aldert H Piersma and Edward W. Carney and John M Rogers and Jan M. Friedman},
  journal={Birth defects research. Part B, Developmental and reproductive toxicology},
  year={2010},
  volume={89 6},
  pages={
          526-30
        }
}
  • G. Daston, R. Chapin, +4 authors J. Friedman
  • Published 1 December 2010
  • Biology
  • Birth defects research. Part B, Developmental and reproductive toxicology
BACKGROUND There continue to be many efforts around the world to develop assays that are shorter than the traditional embryofetal developmental toxicity assay, or use fewer or no mammals, or use less compound, or have all three attributes. Each assay developer needs to test the putative assay against a set of performance standards, which traditionally has involved testing the assays against a list of compounds that are generally recognized as "positive" or "negative" in vivo. However… 
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Although not entirely replacing human or animal tests, carefully selected stem cell assays should serve as practical and ethical alternatives to proactively identify chemical exposures that disturb embryogenesis.
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The future approach is based upon interpretation of toxicological mechanisms, primarily by using a suite of in vitro models for testing compounds and a systems biology approach for interpreting data for signatures indicative of toxicity.
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The aim of the present thesis was to demonstrate the potential of a combined in vitro PBK- based approach to translate in vitro toxicity data to in vivo toxicity values for rat and human predicting in vivo dose-response curves that allow definition of a PoD for risk assessment.
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Alternative models in developmental toxicology
TLDR
This review will examine the current state of three alternative models - whole embryo culture, the mouse embryonic stem cell test (mEST), and zebrafish, chosen because they are the models most commonly used and would appear to have the greatest potential for future applications in developmental toxicity screening and testing.
Innovations in testing strategies in reproductive toxicology.
  • A. Piersma
  • Biology
    Methods in molecular biology
  • 2013
TLDR
An integrative testing strategy tailored to human hazard assessment is built using a battery of available alternative tests for critical end points that provides optimal in silico and in vitro filters to upgrade toxicological hazard assessment to the mechanistic level.
Reproductive and developmental toxicity testing: from in vivo to in vitro.
TLDR
A workshop to discuss emerging in vitro tools for predicting reproductive and developmental toxicity and the ability of in vitro test methods to predict in vivo outcomes and the potential to incorporate these new methods into regulatory decision making was held.
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