A Review of Psychosocial Factors in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome

@article{Lohnberg2012ARO,
  title={A Review of Psychosocial Factors in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome},
  author={Jessica A. Lohnberg and Elizabeth Mitchell Altmaier},
  journal={Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings},
  year={2012},
  volume={20},
  pages={247-254}
}
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a disabling pain condition poorly understood by medical professionals. Because CRPS is particularly enigmatic, and has significant impact on patient function, researchers have examined psychological processes present among patients with this diagnosis. This systematic review examines psychosocial factors associated with CRPS, both predictors and sequelae. Our conclusions are that CRPS is associated with negative outcomes, both psychological (e.g… 
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Psychological distress and stressful life events in pediatric complex regional pain syndrome
TLDR
The authors compared depression, anxiety and stressful life events in children with CRPS and children with chronic primary headaches or functional abdominal pain to clarify the etiology of pediatric CRPS.
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: The Importance of Early Diagnosis.
TLDR
An overview of CRPS is presented and the critical role nurses can play in recognizing the condition early, assisting with treatment, and providing psychological support is discussed.
Increased prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder in CRPS
TLDR
Patients with complex regional pain syndrome were screened for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) to determine if PTSD could be a risk factor for CRPS.
Adult Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type I: A Narrative Review
Do psychological factors influence recovery from complex regional pain syndrome type 1? A prospective study
TLDR
The findings support the theory that CRPS represents an aberrant protective response to perceived threat of tissue injury and could be considered as target variables for early treatment.
Complex regional pain syndrome type I: a comprehensive review
TLDR
This topical review gives a synopsis of CRPS I and discusses the current concepts of the authors' understanding ofCRPS I in adults, the diagnosis, and treatment options based on the limited evidence found in medical literature.
Pain in the Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Rehabilitation Patient
TLDR
Though effective relief of CRPS symptoms can be challenging, particularly in later stages of its progression, patients have obtained pain relief and functional improvements with various treatments, which include the following: physical modalities, such as physical therapy, mirror therapy, pharmacological treatments, and psychological treatments.
Psychological, social and biological correlates of body perception disturbance in complex regional pain syndrome
TLDR
It is found that BPD in CRPS was significantly correlated with measures of depression, anxiety, current stress, quality of life, and pain intensity, but not with stress experienced in the twelve months preceding onset of illness, childhood trauma, or duration of illness.
Sex matters in complex regional pain syndrome
TLDR
If in CRPS, the patient's sex is associated with differences in clinical and psychological characteristics is explored.
Thought intrusion among adults living with complex regional pain syndrome.
TLDR
Intrusive thoughts about the inciting event that caused CRPS uniquely influenced pain and quality of life, suggesting a potential mechanism to target for intervention.
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References

SHOWING 1-10 OF 76 REFERENCES
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TLDR
A sequenced protocol for psychological care in CRPS is proposed based on available data and clinical experience and can work synergistically with medical and physical/occupational therapies to improve function and increase patients’ ability to manage the condition successfully.
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TLDR
Major mechanism for CRPS symptoms, which might be present subsequently or in parallel during the course of CRPS, are trauma-related cytokine release, exaggerated neurogenic inflammation, sympathetically maintained pain and cortical reorganisation in response to chronic pain (neuroplasticity).
Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Management of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome
TLDR
The current knowledge of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnostic, and treatment methodologies of CRPS are discussed to provide the pain practitioner with essential and up‐to‐date guidelines for the management ofCRPS.
Is there an association between psychological factors and the Complex Regional Pain Syndrome type 1 (CRPS1) in adults? A systematic review
A Web-Based Cross-Sectional Epidemiological Survey of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome
TLDR
Complex regional pain syndrome is a severe disabling pain disorder that results in physical as well as emotional and financial consequences to patients and requires coordination of multidisciplinary care that can be achieved by educational efforts directed to general practitioners.
Stressful life events and psychological dysfunction in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome type I.
TLDR
Stressed life events are more common in the CRPS group, which indicates that there may be a multiconditional model of CRPS, and the experience of stressful life events besides trauma or surgery are risk factors, not causes, in such a model.
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TLDR
Clinical definition and scientific understanding of CRPS are still evolving; however, both the clinical picture and therapeutic options are significantly influenced by a dysfunction of the sympathetic nervous system.
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Psychologic Factors in the Development of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: History, Myth, and Evidence
TLDR
There is no evidence to support a linear relationship that establishes a psychologic predisposition to develop the disorder, and an analysis of the Zeitgeist in the development of the psychologic theory associated with the disorder is provided.
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