A Review of Novel Therapies for Melanoma

@article{Karimkhani2014ARO,
  title={A Review of Novel Therapies for Melanoma},
  author={C Karimkhani and R{\'e}n{\'e} Gonzalez and Robert P. Dellavalle},
  journal={American Journal of Clinical Dermatology},
  year={2014},
  volume={15},
  pages={323-337}
}
This review summarizes results from major recent trials regarding novel therapeutic agents in melanoma. The topics discussed include targeted therapy with BRAF (V-RAF murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B) inhibitors (vemurafenib and dabrafenib), MEK (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase) inhibitors (trametinib), bcr-abl/c-kit/PDGF-R inhibitors (imatinib), and angiogenesis inhibitors (bevacizumab and aflibercept), as well as immunotherapy with anti-CTLA-4 (anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte… Expand
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48 Citations
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48 Citations

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Immune-mediated Adverse Effects of Anti-CTLA-4 Antibody Therapy in Metastatic Melanoma
  • 2015
Pembrolizumab: A Review in Advanced Melanoma
TLDR
Pembrolizumab has an acceptable tolerability profile, with immune-related adverse events that are generally manageable/reversible, and is a valuable treatment option for patients with advanced melanoma, including those who have progressed on ipilimumab and BRAF/MEK inhibitors. Expand
New Mechanisms of Resistance to MEK Inhibitors in Melanoma Revealed by Intravital Imaging.
TLDR
A longitudinal study tracks the course of MEKi treatment in an autochthonous imageable murine model of melanoma from initial response to therapeutic resistance, offering new insights into the basis for drug response, persistence, and resistance. Expand
Inhibitor of vasculogenic mimicry restores sensitivity of resistant melanoma cells to DNA-damaging agents
TLDR
Experimental evidence is provided that LCS1269 might be considered as a new potential anticancer agent capable of overcoming multidrug resistance for DNA-damaging agents in melanoma. Expand
Immunovirotherapy with vesicular stomatitis virus and PD-L1 blockade enhances therapeutic outcome in murine acute myeloid leukemia.
TLDR
Overall, the studies show that oncolytic virotherapy combined with immune checkpoint blockade is a promising approach to AML therapy. Expand
Wild-type KRAS is a novel therapeutic target for melanoma contributing to primary and acquired resistance to BRAF inhibition
TLDR
KRASi functions synergistically with BRAF inhibition to reduce melanoma proliferation and to induce apoptosis independently of BRAF mutational status, and acquired resistance to BRAF inhibitors in melanoma is dependent on dynamic regulation of KRAS expression with subsequent AKT and extracellular-signal regulated kinase activation and can be overcome by KRASi. Expand
A novel temozolomide analog, NEO212, with enhanced activity against MGMT-positive melanoma in vitro and in vivo.
TLDR
A novel perillyl alcohol-conjugated analog of TMZ, NEO212, is investigated for its ability to exert anticancer activity against MGMT-positive melanoma cells and may have potential as a more effective therapy for advanced melanoma. Expand
Abl Kinase Regulation by BRAF/ERK and Cooperation with Akt in Melanoma
TLDR
It is demonstrated that BRAFV600E/ERK play a critical role in binding, phosphorylating and regulating Abl localization and Abl/Arg activation by Src family kinases, which has functional and biological significance, driving proliferation, invasion, and switch in epithelial–mesenchymal–transition transcription factor expression. Expand
Synergistic inhibitory effects of Celecoxib and Plumbagin on melanoma tumor growth.
TLDR
Mechanistically, combination of Celecoxib and Plumbagin decreased melanoma cell proliferation and retarded vascular development of tumors mediated by inhibition of COX-2 and STAT3 leading to decreased levels of key cyclins key on which melanomacell were dependent for survival. Expand
Redox effects and cytotoxic profiles of MJ25 and auranofin towards malignant melanoma cells
TLDR
Effects of the small molecule MJ25, which increased the level of p53-dependent transactivation both as a single agent and in combination with nutlin-3, are described, which showed potent cytotoxicity towards melanoma cell lines, whilst having weaker effects against human normal cells. Expand
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