2D:4D and Sexually Dimorphic Facial Characteristics

@article{Burriss20072D4DAS,
  title={2D:4D and Sexually Dimorphic Facial Characteristics},
  author={Robert Philip Burriss and Anthony C. Little and Emma C Nelson},
  journal={Archives of Sexual Behavior},
  year={2007},
  volume={36},
  pages={377-384}
}
The second-to-fourth-digit ratio (2D:4D) may be related to prenatal testosterone and estrogen levels and pubertal face growth. Several studies have recently provided evidence that 2D:4D is associated with other-rated facial masculinity and dominance, but not with facialmetric measures of masculinity. We found that localized face shape differences, shown here to be sexually dimorphic and related to ratings of dominance, were associated with direct and indirect measurements of 2D:4D. In this… 
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85 Citations
Highly Influential Citations
5
Background Citations
36
Methods Citations
4
Results Citations
6

85 Citations

Digit ratio (2D:4D) and male facial attractiveness: new data and a meta-analysis.
  • Johannes Hönekopp
  • Psychology
    Evolutionary psychology : an international journal of evolutionary approaches to psychology and behavior
  • 2013
TLDR
2D:4D studies offer no convincing evidence at present that prenatal T has a positive effect on male facial attractiveness, and a consideration of confidence intervals shows that, at present, a theoretically meaningful relationship between 2D: 4D and male facial aesthetics cannot be ruled out.
Prenatal sex hormones, digit ratio, and face shape in adult males.
TLDR
Faces tended to look more masculine as 2D:4D decreased, suggesting a biologically plausible link between prenatal androgen exposure and the development of male facial characteristics.
Second-to-fourth digit ratio and facial shape in boys: the lower the digit ratio, the more robust the face
TLDR
Using geometric morphometrics, a significant relationship between facial shape and 2D : 4D before the onset of puberty is shown, adding to previous evidence that certain adult male facial characteristics that elicit attributions of masculinity and dominance are determined very early in ontogeny.
Association of the digit ratio (2D:4D) with sexually dimorphic morphological traits
TLDR
The association of 2D:4D ratio with morphological signs of masculinity/femininity within male and female samples were revealed only as a trend, which was more distinct for the functional indicators (handgrip strength).
Digit Ratio ( 2 D : 4 D ) and Male Facial Attractiveness : New Data and a Meta-Analysis
Digit ratio (2D:4D) appears to correlate negatively with prenatal testosterone (T) effects in humans. As T probably increases facial masculinity, which in turn might be positively related to male…
Attractiveness, body size, masculine sex roles and 2D:4D ratios in men
A Study on Orbital Linear Measurements among Bengalee Population
TLDR
It is easily highlited that orbital linear measurements which clinically represents the measurement for assessing ocular Hypertelorism, are strongly correlated but in case of male 2D:4D ratio as a proxy measurement for prenatal androgen level is not correlated with Orbital regionlinear measurements which denotes that prenatal hormonal environment do not affect the orbital measurements.
Prenatal testosterone exposure is related to sexually dimorphic facial morphology in adulthood
TLDR
This study provides the first direct evidence of a link between prenatal testosterone exposure and human facial structure and shows no statistically significant relationship with gendered facial morphology.
Sexual orientation and the second to fourth finger length ratio: a meta-analysis in men and women.
TLDR
It is found that heterosexual women had higher (more feminine) left- and right-hand 2D:4D than did lesbians, but there was no difference between heterosexual and gay men.
Testosterone responses to competition in men are related to facial masculinity
TLDR
It is demonstrated that, after experimentally determined success in a competitive task, men with more a masculine facial structure show higher levels of circulating testosterone than men with less masculine faces, indicating that a man's facial structure may afford important information about the functioning of his endocrine system.
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