Vitalik Buterin

Publications16
h-index8
Citations2,279
Highly Influential Citations350
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A Next-Generation Smart Contract and Decentralized Application Platform
When Satoshi Nakamoto first set the Bitcoin blockchain into motion in January 2009, he was simultaneously introducing two radical and untested concepts. The first is the "bitcoin", a decentralized … Expand
Casper the Friendly Finality Gadget
TLDR
Casper is a partial consensus mechanism combining proof of stake algorithm research and Byzantine fault tolerant consensus theory, which provides almost any proof of work chain with additional protections against block reversions. Expand
Fraud and Data Availability Proofs: Maximising Light Client Security and Scaling Blockchains with Dishonest Majorities.
TLDR
This work presents, implements, and evaluates a novel fraud and data availability proof system that can eliminate the honest-majority assumption, and instead make much weaker assumptions about a minimum number of honest nodes that rebroadcast data. Expand
Aggregatable Subvector Commitments for Stateless Cryptocurrencies
TLDR
This paper formalizes aSVCs and gives a construction from constant-sized polynomial commitments that reduces each block’s proof overhead to a single group element, which is optimal and speeds up block verification and further reduce block size. Expand
Combining GHOST and Casper
TLDR
Gasper, a proof-of-stake-based consensus protocol, is presented, which is an idealized version of the proposed Ethereum 2.0 beacon chain and proves safety, plausible liveness, and probabilistic liveness under different sets of assumptions. Expand
Incentives in Ethereum’s Hybrid Casper Protocol
TLDR
The findings indicate that Casper’s implemented incentives mechanism ensures liveness, while providing safety guarantees that improve over standard Proof-of-Work protocols. Expand
Interactive coin offerings
TLDR
This work shows that if each token buyer specifies a desired purchase quantity at each valuation then everyone can successfully participate in token crowdsales. Expand
Fraud Proofs: Maximising Light Client Security and Scaling Blockchains with Dishonest Majorities
TLDR
This work presents, implements, and evaluates a novel fraud and data availability proof system that can eliminate the honest-majority assumption, and instead make much weaker assumptions about a minimum number of honest nodes that rebroadcast data. Expand
A Flexible Design for Funding Public Goods
We propose a design for philanthropic or publicly funded seeding to allow (near) optimal provision of a decentralized, self-organizing ecosystem of public goods. The concept extends ideas from quad...
Blockchain Code as Antitrust
TLDR
It is shown that blockchain can help in reaching the goals of antitrust law in situations where the rule of law does not apply, from both a technical and legal standpoint. Expand
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