Integrin-mediated cell adhesion causes activation of MAP kinases and increased tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Autophosphorylation of FAK leads to the binding of SH2-domain… (More)
Differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells into T helper type 1 (Th1) effector cells requires both T cell receptor (TCR) signaling and cytokines such as interleukin-12 and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma).… (More)
IL-21 has been shown to play an important role in autoimmune diseases. ATR-107 is an antibody which directly targets the IL-21 receptor (IL-21R). To aid the clinical development of ATR-107, there is… (More)
Angiopoietins and Tie2 receptor were recently identified as an endothelial cell-specific ligand-receptor system that is critical for vascular development and postnatal pathologic angiogenesis by… (More)
Janus kinases (JAKs) are intracellular tyrosine kinases that mediate the signaling of numerous cytokines and growth factors involved in the regulation of immunity, inflammation, and hematopoiesis. As… (More)
A novel class of Janus tyrosine kinase 3 (JAK3) inhibitors based on a 2-benzimidazoylpurinone core structure is described. Through substitution of the benzimidazoyl moiety and optimization of the N-9… (More)
Screening of more than 2 million compounds comprising 41 distinct encoded combinatorial libraries revealed a novel structural class of p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase inhibitors. The… (More)
In the late 1970s and the early 1980s the initial p38 chemotype, the triaryl imidazoles, was discovered as an off-target effect during the development of cyclooxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors… (More)
The p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases are a family of serine/threonine protein kinases that play important roles in cellular responses to inflammation and external stress. Inhibitors of the… (More)
A new structural class of triaminotriazine aniline amides possessing potent p38 enzyme activity has been discovered. The initial hit (compound 1a) was identified through screening the Pharmacopeia… (More)