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HABITABLE ZONES AROUND MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS: NEW ESTIMATES

Identifying terrestrial planets in the habitable zones (HZs) of other stars is one of the primary goals of ongoing radial velocity (RV) and transit exoplanet surveys and proposed future space…
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Observing the Atmospheres of Known Temperate Earth-sized Planets with JWST

Nine transiting Earth-sized planets have recently been discovered around nearby late-M dwarfs, including the TRAPPIST-1 planets and two planets discovered by the MEarth survey, GJ 1132b and LHS…
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Low simulated radiation limit for runaway greenhouse climates

As a moist atmosphere warms, it will reach a limit after which it is unable to radiate incoming solar radiation back to space, and a runaway greenhouse will occur. Calculations suggest that this…
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Warming early Mars with CO 2 and H 2

Ancient valleys suggest a warm early Mars where liquid water flowed, but a greenhouse effect strong enough to offset a dim early Sun has been difficult to explain. Climate simulations suggest that…
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ERRATUM: “HABITABLE ZONES AROUND MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS: NEW ESTIMATES” (2013, ApJ, 765, 131)

Ravi Kumar Kopparapu1,2,3,8, Ramses Ramirez1,2,3,8, James F. Kasting1,2,3,8, Vincent Eymet4, Tyler D. Robinson5,6,9, Suvrath Mahadevan3,6, Ryan C. Terrien3,6, Shawn Domagal-Goldman7,8, Victoria…
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The effect of host star spectral energy distribution and ice-albedo feedback on the climate of extrasolar planets.

It is shown that ∼3-10 bar of CO(2) will entirely mask the climatic effect of ice andSnow, leaving the outer limits of the habitable zone unaffected by the spectral dependence of water ice and snow albedo, and the surface ice-albedo feedback effect becomes less important at the outer edge of the inhabited zone.
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Common 0.1 bar tropopause in thick atmospheres set by pressure-dependent infrared transparency

In many planetary atmospheres, including that of Earth, the base of the stratosphere—the tropopause—occurs at an atmospheric pressure of 0.1 bar. A physically based model demonstrates that the…
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ABIOTIC OZONE AND OXYGEN IN ATMOSPHERES SIMILAR TO PREBIOTIC EARTH

The search for life on planets outside our solar system will use spectroscopic identification of atmospheric biosignatures. The most robust remotely detectable potential biosignature is considered to…
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Spatially resolved measurements of H2O, HCl, CO, OCS, SO2, cloud opacity, and acid concentration in the Venus near‐infrared spectral windows

We observed Venus with the Apache Point Observatory 3.5 m telescope TripleSpec spectrograph (R = 3500, λ = 0.96–2.47 µm) on 1–3 March 2009 and on 25, 27, and 30 November and 2–4 December 2010. With…
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Evolved Climates and Observational Discriminants for the TRAPPIST-1 Planetary System

The TRAPPIST-1 planetary system provides an unprecedented opportunity to study terrestrial exoplanet evolution with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and ground-based observatories. Since M dwarf…
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