Structural interventions refer to public health interventions that promote health by altering the structural context within which health is produced and reproduced. They draw on concepts from… (More)
There is increasing appreciation of the need to understand how social and structural factors shape HIV risk. Drawing on a review of recently published literature, we seek to describe the social… (More)
OBJECTIVES
This case-control study examined the association between syringe exchange use and hepatitis B and C in injection drug users.
METHODS
Case patients included 28 injection drug users with… (More)
OBJECTIVE
To present and update available national and subnational estimates of injecting drug users (IDUs) in developing/transitional countries, and provide indicative estimates of gender and age… (More)
OBJECTIVES
To determine the incidence/predictors of transitions to injecting among noninjecting heroin users (NIUs).
METHODS
Street-recruited NIUs in New York City, March/1996-March/2003, were… (More)
Political-economic transitions in the Soviet Union, Indonesia, and China, but not the Philippines, were followed by HIV epidemics among drug users. Wars also may sometimes increase HIV risk. Based on… (More)
OBJECTIVE
To compare HIV prevalence among injecting and non-injecting heroin and cocaine users in New York City. As HIV is efficiently transmitted through the sharing of drug-injecting equipment, HIV… (More)
OBJECTIVES
Men who have sex with men (MSM) bear the greatest burden of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in every state in the U.S., but their populations… (More)
OBJECTIVES
We sought to estimate HIV incidence among injection drug users (IDUs) in New York City from 1990 to 2002 to assess the impact of an expansion of syringe exchange services. Syringe exchange… (More)
Research on the epidemiology of HIV infection among IV drug users is still at a relatively early stage. Multilocation studies that would permit better geographic comparisons are greatly needed.… (More)