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Differentiation of Lactobacillus plantarum,L. pentosus, and L. paraplantarum by recA Gene Sequence Analysis and Multiplex PCR Assay with recA Gene-Derived Primers

This strategy permitted the unambiguous identification of strains belonging to L. plantarum, L. pentosus, and L. paraplantarum in a single reaction, indicating its applicability to the speciation of isolates of the L. plantsarum group.
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Diversity, Dynamics, and Activity of Bacterial Communities during Production of an Artisanal Sicilian Cheese as Evaluated by 16S rRNA Analysis

The present molecular approaches combined with culture can effectively describe the complex ecosystem of natural fermented dairy products, giving useful information for starter culture design and preservation of artisanal fermented food technology.
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Differences in faecal bacterial communities in coeliac and healthy children as detected by PCR and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis.

The results highlighted the need for further characterization of the microbiota in coeliac patients, and suggested a potential role of probiotics and/or prebiotics in restoring their gut microbial balance.
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Bifidobacteria: history, ecology, physiology and applications.

The review considers the milestones in Bifidobacterium history, their ecology in human, animals and in extrabody habitats, the identification approaches at genus, species and strain level, the optimum temperature and pH, sensitivity to oxygen, hexose metabolisms, cell wall structure, antagonistic activity and susceptibility to antibiotics.

Phenotypic and genetic diversity of enterococci isolated from Italian cheeses

The majority of the strains had weak acidifying and proteolytic activities in milk and several strains showed antagonistic activity towards indicator strains of Listeria innocua, Clostridium tyrobutyricum and Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp.
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The genus Leuconostoc

The genus Leuconostoc is phenotypically related to Lactobacillus and Pediococcus and share many features with the heterofermentative lactobacilli and in a recent comparative study of the 16S rRNA sequences it was shown that the leu Conostocs form a natural phylogenetic group.
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Development of Reverse Transcription (RT)-PCR and Real-Time RT-PCR Assays for Rapid Detection and Quantification of Viable Yeasts and Molds Contaminating Yogurts and Pasteurized Food Products

Real-time RT-PCR, performed on a range of spoiled commercial food products, validated the suitability of actin mRNA detection for the quantification of naturally contaminating fungi.
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Antibiotic resistance genes and identification of staphylococci collected from the production chain of swine meat commodities.

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The Genus Lactobacillus: A Taxonomic Update

The phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the Lactobacillus family is divided into 15 groups of three or more species, 4 couples and 10 single lines of descents, and the clusters as possible nuclei of genera to be described in the future.
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Candida zemplinina Can Reduce Acetic Acid Produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae in Sweet Wine Fermentations

This study demonstrates that mixed S. cerevisiae and C. zemplinina fermentation could be applied in sweet wine fermentation to reduce the production of acetic acid, connected to the S. Cerevisiae osmotic stress response.
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