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Rapid epidemic expansion of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in southern Africa
TLDR
The Omicron variant is exceptional for carrying over 30 mutations in the spike glycoprotein, predicted to influence antibody neutralization and spike function4, highlighting the rapid spread in regions with high levels of population immunity.
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Antiretroviral regimens in pregnancy and breast-feeding in Botswana.
TLDR
All regimens of HAART from pregnancy through 6 months post partum resulted in high rates of virologic suppression, with an overall rate of mother-to-child transmission of 1.1%.
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Response to antiretroviral therapy after a single, peripartum dose of nevirapine.
TLDR
Women who received a single dose of nevirapine to prevent perinatal transmission of HIV-1 had higher rates of virologic failure with subsequent ne virapine-based antiretroviral therapy than did women without previous exposure to nevirAPine.
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Highly active antiretroviral therapy and adverse birth outcomes among HIV-infected women in Botswana.
TLDR
HAART receipt during pregnancy was associated with increased PTD, SGA, and SB, and low CD4(+) was independently associated with SB and S GA, and maternal hypertension during pregnancy with PTD and SGA.
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Neutralizing Antibodies to Adenovirus Serotype 5 Vaccine Vectors Are Directed Primarily against the Adenovirus Hexon Protein1
TLDR
It is demonstrated that functionally significant Ad5-specific NAbs are directed primarily against the Ad5 hexon protein in both humans and mice, suggesting a potential strategy for engineering novel Ad5 vectors to evade dominant Ad 5-specificNAbs.
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Breastfeeding plus infant zidovudine prophylaxis for 6 months vs formula feeding plus infant zidovudine for 1 month to reduce mother-to-child HIV transmission in Botswana: a randomized trial: the…
TLDR
Breastfeeding with zidovudine prophylaxis was not as effective as formula feeding in preventing postnatal HIV transmission, but was associated with a lower mortality rate at 7 months, and both strategies had comparable HIV-free survival at 18 months.
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Male circumcision: an acceptable strategy for HIV prevention in Botswana
TLDR
Male circumcision appears to be highly acceptable in Botswana, if its efficacy as an HIV prevention strategy among sexually active people is supported by clinical trials and people with children are more likely to favour circumcision.
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Increased risk of preterm delivery among HIV-infected women randomized to protease versus nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-based HAART during pregnancy.
TLDR
PI-based HAART was associated with increased preterm delivery but not increased infant hospitalizations or mortality in a clinical trial setting, and the association between PI use and lower increase in BMI in late pregnancy warrants further study.
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Serum concentrations of antimycobacterial drugs in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Botswana.
TLDR
It is suggested that low isoniazid, rifampin, and ethambutol concentrations are common in Botswana, in contrast to other antimycobacterial drugs, which usually are well absorbed.
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Cigarette smoking and the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus: a meta-analysis.
TLDR
An extensive search of the medical literature for the role of cigarette smoking as a risk factor in the development of systemic lupus erythematosus and a meta-analysis revealed a small but statistically significant association between current smoking and development of SLE.
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