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Pleistocene climatic fluctuations drive isolation and secondary contact in the red diamond rattlesnake (Crotalus ruber) in Baja California

This work uses restriction‐site associated DNA sequence data and a phylogeographic model selection approach to explicitly test the secondary contact hypothesis in the red diamond rattlesnake, Crotalus ruber.
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Phylogenetic inference and divergence dating of snakes using molecules, morphology and fossils: new insights into convergent evolution of feeding morphology and limb reduction

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Habits and characteristics of arboreal snakes worldwide: arboreality constrains body size but does not affect lineage diversification

It is found that generally, arboreal snakes are most frequently nocturnal, oviparous, reptile-eating, brown/banded/patterned snakes inhabiting the Neotropics and that arboreality has no effect on rates of diversification.
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Variation in timing of ossification affects inferred heterochrony of cranial bones in Lissamphibia

Results indicate a high degree of variation in timing of ossification, and suggest a cautionary note about use of these data, particularly given that in most instances issues associated with the original sources of data are not addressed.
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Ossification sequence heterochrony among amphibians

A new version of the program Parsimov‐based genetic inference was used to identify shifts in ossification sequences across all extant orders of amphibians, for all major structural units of the skeleton, and a number of heterochronic sequence shifts seem to be tied to differences in metamorphic patterns among major clades.
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Rate heterogeneity across Squamata, misleading ancestral state reconstruction and the importance of proper null model specification

It is found that there is no single, consistent signal for state‐dependent diversification associated with toepads in gekkotans or viviparity across all squamates, highlighting the importance of considering an adequate pool of models and null models when estimating diversification rate parameters and reconstructing ancestral states.
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Squamate Phylogenetics, Molecular Branch Lengths, and Molecular Apomorphies: A Response to McMahan et al.

It is demonstrated that counting the molecular apomorphies along a given branch is a poor measure of support for a clade and that the molecular data do not provide support for the morphology-based squamate phylogeny as the optimal topology.
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Mitochondrial recovery from shotgun metagenome sequencing enabling phylogenetic analysis of the common thresher shark (Alopias vulpinus)

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Properties of Markov Chain Monte Carlo Performance across Many Empirical Alignments

An overview of commonly applied phylogenetic MCMC diagnostics is presented and an assessment of patterns of these diagnostics across more than 18,000 empirical analyses show that the usage of models that include both Γ-distributed among-site rate variation and a proportion of invariable sites is not broadly problematic for MCMC convergence but is also unnecessary.
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Colour scales with climate in North American ratsnakes: a test of the thermal melanism hypothesis using community science images

Animal colour is a complex trait shaped by multiple selection pressures that can vary across geography. The thermal melanism hypothesis predicts that darker coloration is beneficial to animals in…
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