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The genetic history of Ice Age Europe
Modern humans arrived in Europe ~45,000 years ago, but little is known about their genetic composition before the start of farming ~8,500 years ago. We analyze genome-wide data from 51 Eurasians from…
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Early dispersal of modern humans in Europe and implications for Neanderthal behaviour
TLDR
The Cavallo human remains are therefore the oldest known European anatomically modern humans, confirming a rapid dispersal of modern humans across the continent before the Aurignacian and the disappearance of Neanderthals.
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New fossils from Jebel Irhoud, Morocco and the pan-African origin of Homo sapiens
TLDR
A mosaic of features including facial, mandibular and dental morphology that aligns the Jebel Irhoud material with early or recent anatomically modern humans and more primitive neurocranial and endocranial morphology shows that the evolutionary processes behind the emergence of H. sapiens involved the whole African continent.
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New fossils from Jebel Irhoud, Morocco and the pan-African origin of Homo sapiens.
TLDR
A mosaic of features including facial, mandibular and dental morphology that aligns the Jebel Irhoud material with early or recent anatomically modern humans and more primitive neurocranial and endocranial morphology shows that the evolutionary processes behind the emergence of H. sapiens involved the whole African continent.
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Viewpoints: diet and dietary adaptations in early hominins: the hard food perspective.
TLDR
Current evidence is suggested to be consistent with the hypothesis that certain derived Australopith traits are adaptations for consuming hard foods, but that australopiths had generalized diets that could include high proportions of foods that were both compliant and tough.
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The makers of the Protoaurignacian and implications for Neandertal extinction
TLDR
Dental remains from two Protoaurignacian sites in Italy are analyzed and confirm that they were H. sapiens, and teeth from Riparo Bombrini and Grotta di Fumane contain ancient mitochondrial DNA of a modern human type, confirming that by 41,000 calendar years before the present, modern humans bearing ProtoaurIGNacian culture spread into southern Europe.
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Technical note: Occlusal fingerprint analysis: quantification of tooth wear pattern.
TLDR
It is hypothesized that the wear pattern is a unique character and therefore valuable for individual identification, and may be useful for identification of behavioral, biological, and chemical factors affecting crown morphology.
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Sex Assessment from the Sacral Base by Means of Image Processing
TLDR
The present study considers the diagnostic value of the sacral base (basis osseus sacri) based on its planar image and related metric data and indicates that the first sacral vertebra is a good character for sex determination.
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Using occlusal wear information and finite element analysis to investigate stress distributions in human molars
TLDR
Functional studies considering kinematics of teeth are important to understand biomechanics and interpret morphological adaptation of teeth, and results show that the stress pattern changes considerably during the power stroke, suggesting that wear facets have a crucial influence on the distribution of stress on the whole tooth.
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Comparison of dental measurement systems for taxonomic assignment of first molars.
TLDR
While crown diameters or crown radii should be used for taxonomic analysis of unworn or slightly worn M(1) s, the crown outline, after regressing out size information, could be promising forTaxonomic assignment of lower M1s.
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