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Mutations of the BRAF gene in human cancer
TLDR
BRAF somatic missense mutations in 66% of malignant melanomas and at lower frequency in a wide range of human cancers, with a single substitution (V599E) accounting for 80%.
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A census of human cancer genes
TLDR
A 'census' of cancer genes is conducted that indicates that mutations in more than 1% of genes contribute to human cancer.
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The COSMIC (Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer) database and website
TLDR
The COSMIC (Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer) database and website have been developed to store somatic mutation data in a single location and display the data and other information related to human cancer.
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Identification of the breast cancer susceptibility gene BRCA2
TLDR
The identification of a gene in which six different germline mutations in breast cancer families that are likely to be due to BRCA2 are detected, and results indicate that this is the BRC a2 gene.
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Identification of the breast cancer susceptibility gene BRCA2
View on Nature
Patterns of somatic mutation in human cancer genomes
TLDR
More than 1,000 somatic mutations found in 274 megabases of DNA corresponding to the coding exons of 518 protein kinase genes in 210 diverse human cancers reveal the evolutionary diversity of cancers and implicates a larger repertoire of cancer genes than previously anticipated.
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Localization of a breast cancer susceptibility gene, BRCA2, to chromosome 13q12-13.
TLDR
This analysis localized a second breast cancer susceptibility locus, BRCA2, to a 6-centimorgan interval on chromosome 13q12-13, which preliminary evidence suggests suggests confers a high risk of breast cancer but does not confer a substantially elevated risk of ovarian cancer.
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BRAF and RAS mutations in human lung cancer and melanoma.
TLDR
Three BRAF mutations identified in this study are novel, altering residues important in AKT-mediated BRAF phosphorylation and suggesting that disruption ofAKT-induced BRAF inhibition can play a role in malignant transformation, first report of mutations documenting this interaction in human cancers.
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Cancer nanomedicine: progress, challenges and opportunities
TLDR
Novel engineering approaches are discussed that capitalize on the growing understanding of tumour biology and nano–bio interactions to develop more effective nanotherapeutics for cancer patients.
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Lung cancer: Intragenic ERBB2 kinase mutations in tumours
TLDR
The gene encoding the transmembrane protein tyrosine kinase ERBB2 (also known as HER2 or Neu) is sequenced from 120 primary lung tumours and 4% that have mutations within the kinase domain are identified.
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