A revised conservative estimate of the incidence of FAS and its economic impact.
A new analysis of the incidence of fetal alcohol syndrome and its economic impact based on prospectively gathered data of consecutive pregnancies puts the overall rate in the western world at 0.33 cases per 1000 and estimates the incremented annual cost of treating this disorder at $74.6 million.
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder.
- R. Sokol, V. Delaney‐Black, B. Nordstrom
- MedicineJAMA
- 10 December 2003
phy-sicians should be better able to identify at-risk pregnancies and alcohol-affectedindividuals and address Fetalalal-cohol exposure in the clinical setting.
The T-ACE questions: practical prenatal detection of risk-drinking.
- R. Sokol, S. Martier, J. Ager
- MedicineAmerican Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
- 1 April 1989
Prenatal alcohol exposure and childhood behavior at age 6 to 7 years: I. dose-response effect.
- B. Sood, V. Delaney‐Black, R. Sokol
- MedicinePediatrics
- 1 August 2001
Increasing prenatal alcohol exposure was associated with lower birth weight and gestational age, higher lead levels, higher maternal age, and lower education level, prenatal exposure to cocaine and smoking, custody changes, lower socioeconomic status, and paternal drinking and drug use.
Screening for pregnancy risk-drinking.
- M. Russell, S. Martier, J. Jacobson
- MedicineAlcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research
- 1 October 1994
The utility of brief questionnaires that assess alcohol intake indirectly by asking women about their tolerance to alcohol's effects, psychological consequences of drinking, and significant others' concern about their drinking is confirmed and preliminary data indicating that TWEAK may outperform T-ACE is provided.
Guidelines for use of terminology describing the impact of prenatal alcohol on the offspring.
- R. Sokol, S. Clarren
- MedicineAlcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research
- 1 August 1989
Detecting risk drinking during pregnancy: a comparison of four screening questionnaires.
- M. Russell, S. Martier, R. Sokol, P. Mudar, S. Jacobson, J. Jacobson
- MedicineAmerican Journal of Public Health
- 1 October 1996
Embedded versions of TWEAK and T-ACE were both highly sensitive to periconceptional risk drinking in this population of African-American obstetric patients, suggesting that MAST and CAGE administration improves its performance.
Blood lead levels and specific attention effects in young children.
- L. Chiodo, C. Covington, V. Delaney‐Black
- PsychologyNeurotoxicology and Teratology
- 1 September 2007
Alcohol dehydrogenase-2*3 allele protects against alcohol-related birth defects among African Americans.
- D. G. McCarver, H. Thomasson, S. Martier, R. Sokol, T. Li
- MedicineJournal of Pharmacology and Experimental…
- 1 December 1997
It is suggested that the protection afforded by this allele is secondary to its encoding of the high-Km/high-Vmax ADH beta3 isoenzyme, which would provide more efficient alcohol metabolism at high blood alcohol concentrations.
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