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American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Exercise and fluid replacement.

This Position Stand provides guidance on fluid replacement to sustain appropriate hydration of individuals performing physical activity to prevent excessive (>2% body weight loss from water deficit) dehydration and excessive changes in electrolyte balance to avert compromised performance.
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Effects of ambient temperature on the capacity to perform prolonged cycle exercise in man.

There is a clear effect of temperature on exercise capacity which appears to follow an inverted U relationship, and significant effects of Ta were observed on VE, VO2, R, estimated fuel oxidation, HR, Tre, Tsk, sweat rate, and RPE.
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Current Status of Body Composition Assessment in Sport

Having considered issues of accuracy, repeatability and utility, the multi-component model might be employed as a performance or selection criterion, provided the selected model accounts for variability in the density of fat-free mass in its computation.
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IOC consensus statement: dietary supplements and the high-performance athlete

The appropriate use of some supplements can benefit the athlete, but others may harm the athlete’s health, performance, and/or livelihood and reputation and expert professional opinion and assistance is strongly advised before an athlete embarks on supplement use.
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Strength and cross‐sectional area of human skeletal muscle.

The variation between subjects is such that strength is not a useful predictive index of muscle cross‐sectional area, and a wide variation in the ratio of strength to muscle cross-sectional area was observed.
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Cold drink ingestion improves exercise endurance capacity in the heat.

Compared with a drink at 37 degrees C, the ingestion of a cold drink before and during exercise in the heat reduced physiological strain (reduced heat accumulation) during exercise, leading to an improved endurance capacity.
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Research methods in physical activity

  • R. Maughan
  • Psychology, Medicine
    Jurnal sport science
  • 1 March 2017
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Errors in the estimation of hydration status from changes in body mass

Hydration status is not easily measured, but acute changes in hydration status are often estimated from body mass change, and substantial loss of mass may occur without an effective net negative fluid balance.
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A simple, rapid method for the determination of glucose, lactate, pyruvate, alanine, 3-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate on a single 20-μl blood sample

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The sweating response of elite professional soccer players to training in the heat.

These elite soccer players did not drink sufficient volume to replace their sweat loss, which is in accord with data in the literature from other levels of soccer players and athletes in other events.
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