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HDAC2 negatively regulates memory formation and synaptic plasticity
TLDR
It is suggested that HDAC2 functions in modulating synaptic plasticity and long-lasting changes of neural circuits, which in turn negatively regulates learning and memory.
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Malignant astrocytic glioma: genetics, biology, and paths to treatment.
TLDR
The recent confluence of advances in stem cell biology, cell signaling, genome and computational science and genetic model systems have revolutionized understanding of the mechanisms underlying the genetics, biology and clinical behavior of glioblastoma.
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The tumor suppressor LKB1 kinase directly activates AMP-activated kinase and regulates apoptosis in response to energy stress.
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a highly conserved sensor of cellular energy status found in all eukaryotic cells. AMPK is activated by stimuli that increase the cellular AMP/ATP ratio.…
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The Kinase LKB1 Mediates Glucose Homeostasis in Liver and Therapeutic Effects of Metformin
TLDR
It is shown that metformin, one of the most widely prescribed type 2 diabetes therapeutics, requires LKB1 in the liver to lower blood glucose levels, and TORC2 is a critical target of L KB1/AMPK signals in the regulation of gluconeogenesis.
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The oncogene and Polycomb-group gene bmi-1 regulates cell proliferation and senescence through the ink4a locus
TLDR
This work shows that bmi-1-deficient primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts are impaired in progression into the S phase of the cell cycle and undergo premature senescence, and connects transcriptional repression by Polycomb-group proteins with cell-cycle control and senescences.
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FoxOs Are Critical Mediators of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Resistance to Physiologic Oxidative Stress
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Oncogenic Kras Maintains Pancreatic Tumors through Regulation of Anabolic Glucose Metabolism
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Glutamine supports pancreatic cancer growth through a Kras-regulated metabolic pathway
TLDR
The identification of a non-canonical pathway of glutamine use in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells is reported and it is established that the reprogramming of glutamines metabolism is mediated by oncogenic KRAS, the signature genetic alteration in PDAC, through the transcriptional upregulation and repression of key metabolic enzymes in this pathway.
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Hepatocellular carcinoma pathogenesis: from genes to environment
TLDR
The current state of knowledge of hepatitis C, the most common and dreaded liver neoplasm, is summarized, and the principal challenges and scientific opportunities that are relevant to controlling this accelerating global health crisis are highlighted.
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Genetics and biology of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
TLDR
Insight into the cancer's cellular origins, high-resolution genomic profiles pointing to potential new therapeutic targets, and refined mouse models reflecting both the genetics and histopathologic evolution of human PDAC offer the opportunity for accelerated discovery and the future promise of improved treatment.
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