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Fingolimod for the treatment of neurological diseases—state of play and future perspectives
TLDR
The role of sphingolipid mediators and their metabolizing enzymes in neurologic diseases and putative therapeutic strategies arising thereof are discussed.
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FTY720 Treatment in the Convalescence Period Improves Functional Recovery and Reduces Reactive Astrogliosis in Photothrombotic Stroke
TLDR
Besides its known neuroprotective effects in the acute phase of experimental stroke, the initiation of FTY720 treatment in the convalescence period has a positive impact on long-term functional outcome, probably mediated through reduced astrogliosis, a modulation in synaptic morphology and an increased expression of neurotrophic factors.
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Dysregulation of lysophosphatidic acids in multiple sclerosis and autoimmune encephalomyelitis
TLDR
It is shown that lysophosphatidic acids (LPAs) are dysregulated in multiple sclerosis and are functionally relevant in this disease and treatment with an LPAR2 agonist reduced clinical signs of relapsing-remitting EAE suggesting that the LPAR1 agonist partially compensated the endogenous loss of LPAs and implicating LPA signaling as a novel treatment approach.
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Astroglial Proteins as Diagnostic Markers of Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage—Pathophysiological Background and Clinical Findings
TLDR
S100B and GFAP may qualify as candidate serum biomarkers which are able to differentiate between ischemic stroke and ICH in the emergency phase of stroke, and an overview on currently available clinical data is provided.
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Quantifying Filopodia in Cultured Astrocytes by an Algorithm
TLDR
The FSSF developed was developed to study astrocyte filopodia with focus on the perisynaptic glial sheath and it is expected that this parameter can also be applied to neuronal growth cones, non-neural cell types, or cell lines.
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Post-mortem serum concentrations of GFAP correlate with agony time but do not indicate a primary cerebral cause of death
TLDR
Post-mortem GFAP serum concentrations correlate with agony time and might therefore be useful for the evaluation of the severity of brain damage in prolonged death, and do not indicate a primary cerebral cause of death.
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The Gap between Trial Data and Clinical Practice - An Analysis of Case Reports on Bleeding Complications Occurring under Dabigatran and Rivaroxaban Anticoagulation
TLDR
A discrepancy in the frequency of case reports on hemorrhagic complications to the disadvantage of dabigatran is found and patients should carefully select their patients for treatment with the NOA with an emphasis on age, body weight, renal function and comedications and follow them faithfully concerning their medication adherence and eventual side effects.
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Alteration of sphingolipid metabolism as a putative mechanism underlying LPS‐induced BBB disruption
Septic encephalopathy with confusion and agitation occurs early during sepsis and contributes to the severity of the disease. A decrease in the sphingosine‐1‐phosphate (S1P) blood levels has been…
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A Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Gradient Is Linked to the Cerebral Recruitment of T Helper and Regulatory T Helper Cells during Acute Ischemic Stroke
TLDR
Insight is provided that the S1P-S1PR axis facilitates splenic T cell egress and is linked to the cerebral recruitment of S1PR+ TH and TREG cells, which may offer new therapeutic perspectives after ischemic stroke.
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Progranulin deficiency confers resistance to autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice
TLDR
The results reveal a novel progranulin-dependent pathway in autoimmune encephalomyelitis, associated with increased local inflammation at the site of immunization, stronger stimulation-evoked morphological transformation of bone marrow-derived macrophages to phagocytes, and defects in the clearance of the material.
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