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Acute-on-chronic liver failure is a distinct syndrome that develops in patients with acute decompensation of cirrhosis.
TLDR
Diagnostic criteria for ACLF was established and showed that it is distinct from AD, based not only on the presence of organ failure(s) and high mortality rate but also on age, precipitating events, and systemic inflammation.
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Diagnosis, prevention and treatment of hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhosis
TLDR
The scientific rationale behind the new definitions and diagnostic criteria for HRS and recommendations for its treatment are reported, as well as four issues debated by four panels of experts.
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Effect of intravenous albumin on renal impairment and mortality in patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.
TLDR
In patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, treatment with intravenous albumin in addition to an antibiotic reduces the incidence of renal impairment and death in comparison with treatment with an antibiotic alone.
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Diagnosis and management of acute kidney injury in patients with cirrhosis: revised consensus recommendations of the International Club of Ascites.
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Definition and diagnostic criteria of refractory ascites and hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhosis
TLDR
During the last decade great advances have been made of water retention and dilutional hyponatremia in human cirrhosis, and evidence has develop spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, and the effectiveness of selective intestinal decontamination in the been presented implicating endothelial factors in the pathogenesis of systemic circulatory dysfunction in cirprimary and secondary prophylaxis.
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Prevalence and risk factors of infections by multiresistant bacteria in cirrhosis: A prospective study
TLDR
Multiresistant bacteria, especially ESBL‐producing Enterobacteriaceae, are frequently isolated in nosocomial and, to a lesser extent, HCA infections in cirrhosis, rendering third‐generation cephalosporins clinically ineffective.
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The management of ascites in cirrhosis: Report on the consensus conference of the international Ascites club
TLDR
The International Ascites Club, representing the spectrum of clinical practice from North America to Europe, have developed guidelines by consensus in the management of cirrhotic ascites from the early ascitic stage to the stage of refractory ascites.
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Norfloxacin prevents spontaneous bacterial peritonitis recurrence in cirrhosis: Results of a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial
TLDR
Results indicate that long‐term selective intestinal decontamination with norfloxacin is an effective and safe measure to prevent spontaneous bacterial peritonitis recurrence caused by aerobic gram‐negative bacilli in cirrhosis.
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Renal failure in cirrhosis.
TLDR
This review discusses recently identified information about renal failure in cirrhosis and clinical interventions that may assist in the prevention and management of this complication.
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Acute-on chronic liver failure.
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