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Nod1 Detects a Unique Muropeptide from Gram-Negative Bacterial Peptidoglycan

TLDR
It is shown that human Nod1 specifically detects a unique diaminopimelate-containing N-acetylglucosamine–N-acetelmuramic acid tripeptide motif found in Gram-negative bacterial peptidoglycan, resulting in activation of the transcription factor NF-κB pathway.
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The Receptor Tyrosine Kinase MuSK Is Required for Neuromuscular Junction Formation In Vivo

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Nod1 responds to peptidoglycan delivered by the Helicobacter pylori cag pathogenicity island

TLDR
It is proposed that sensing of H. pylori by Nod1 represents a model for host recognition of noninvasive pathogens as well as an intracellular pathogen-recognition molecule with specificity for Gram-negative peptidoglycan.
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Agrin Acts via a MuSK Receptor Complex

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TRPV3 is a calcium-permeable temperature-sensitive cation channel

TLDR
It is proposed that hTRPV3 is thermosensitive in the physiological range of temperatures between TRPM8 and TRPV1.
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Discovery of indoles as potent and selective inhibitors of the deacetylase SIRT1.

TLDR
Kinetic analyses suggest that these inhibitors bind after the release of nicotinamide from the enzyme and prevent therelease of deacetylated peptide and O-acetyl-ADP-ribose, the products of enzyme-catalyzed de acetylation.
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DNA Repair Pathway Stimulated by the Forkhead Transcription Factor FOXO3a Through the Gadd45 Protein

TLDR
Findings indicate that in mammals FOXO3a regulates the resistance of cells to stress by inducing DNA repair and thereby may also affect organismal life-span.
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Inhibitors of protein synthesis and RNA synthesis prevent neuronal death caused by nerve growth factor deprivation

TLDR
The fact that sympathetic neurons must synthesize protein and RNA to die when deprived of NGF indicates that NGF, and presumably other neurotrophic factors, maintains neuronal survival by suppressing an endogenous, active death program.
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The anticoagulation factor protein S and its relative, Gas6, are ligands for the Tyro 3/Axl family of receptor tyrosine kinases

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Inhibition of SIRT1 Catalytic Activity Increases p53 Acetylation but Does Not Alter Cell Survival following DNA Damage

TLDR
Results show that, although SIRT1 deacetylates p53, this does not play a role in cell survival following DNA damage in certain cell lines and primary human mammary epithelial cells.
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