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Dimethyl fumarate targets GAPDH and aerobic glycolysis to modulate immunity
TLDR
It is found that DMF succinates and inactivates the catalytic cysteine of the glycolytic enzyme glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) in mice and humans, both in vitro and in vivo, and represents a proof of concept that aerobic Glycolysis is a therapeutic target in autoimmunity.
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Optical coherence tomography reflects brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis: A four‐year study
The aim of this work was to determine whether atrophy of specific retinal layers and brain substructures are associated over time, in order to further validate the utility of optical coherence…
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Animal models of sleep disorders.
TLDR
The current overview considers animal models that have been used to study 4 of the most common human sleep disorders-insomnia, narcolepsy, restless legs syndrome, and sleep apnea-and summarizes considerations relevant to the use of animals for the study of sleep and sleep disorders.
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Safety and immunologic effects of high- vs low-dose cholecalciferol in multiple sclerosis
TLDR
This study provides Class I evidence that cholecalciferol supplementation with 10,400 IU daily is safe and well-tolerated in patients with MS and exhibits in vivo pleiotropic immunomodulatory effects in MS.
View on Wolters Kluwer
Dimethyl fumarate alters B‐cell memory and cytokine production in MS patients
TLDR
A decline in the absolute B‐cell number is noted with DMF treatment, with a preferential depletion of memory B cells and a concurrent increase in naïve B cells, which may underlie the beneficial effects of DMF in RRMS.
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Gut Microbiome and Multiple Sclerosis
TLDR
This work examines the different sources of information linking the gut microbiota to multiple sclerosis and examines the future avenues for utilizing the knowledge of the gut microbiome to potentially treat and prevent multiple sclerosis.
View on Springer
Disease-modifying therapies modulate retinal atrophy in multiple sclerosis
TLDR
The findings support OCT for monitoring neurodegenerative treatment effects in the retina, an easily accessible tissue, and as a practical outcome measure in RRMS clinical trials.
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Outer retinal changes following acute optic neuritis
TLDR
Following AON, dynamic changes occur in the deep retinal layers, which are proportional to GCIP thinning, and these novel findings help further the understanding of the biological and/or anatomical sequelae resulting from AON.
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Cerebrospinal fluid ceramides from patients with multiple sclerosis impair neuronal bioenergetics.
TLDR
The data suggest that C16:0 and C24:0 ceramides are enriched in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with multiple sclerosis and are sufficient to induce neuronal mitochondrial dysfunction and axonal damage.
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Automatic segmentation of microcystic macular edema in OCT.
TLDR
This work proposes to use a random forest classifier to classify the MME pixels, using a cross-validation evaluation strategy with manual delineation as ground truth and an assortment of both intensity and spatial features to aid the classification.
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