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An All-Season Real-Time Multivariate MJO Index: Development of an Index for Monitoring and Prediction

Abstract A seasonally independent index for monitoring the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) is described. It is based on a pair of empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) of the combined fields of…
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Convectively Coupled Equatorial Waves: Analysis of Clouds and Temperature in the Wavenumber–Frequency Domain

A wavenumber-frequency spectrum analysis is performed for all longitudes in the domain 158S‐158N using a long (;18 years) twice-daily record of satellite-observed outgoing longwave radiation (OLR), a…
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On the Remote Drivers of Rainfall Variability in Australia

Abstract This work identifies and documents a suite of large-scale drivers of rainfall variability in the Australian region. The key driver in terms of broad influence and impact on rainfall is the…
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Convectively coupled equatorial waves

Convectively coupled equatorial waves (CCEWs) control a substantial fraction of tropical rainfall variability. Their horizontal structures and dispersion characteristics correspond to Matsuno's…
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Australian Rainfall and Surface Temperature Variations Associated with the Southern Hemisphere Annular Mode

Abstract Daily variations in Australian rainfall and surface temperature associated with the Southern Hemisphere annular mode (SAM) are documented using observations for the period 1979–2005. The…
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Large-Scale Dynamical Fields Associated with Convectively Coupled Equatorial Waves

Abstract Convectively coupled equatorial waves, as previously detected in studies of wavenumber-frequency spectra of tropical clouds, are studied in more detail. Composite dynamical structures of the…
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Tropical Intraseasonal Variability in 14 IPCC AR4 Climate Models. Part I: Convective Signals

Abstract This study evaluates the tropical intraseasonal variability, especially the fidelity of Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) simulations, in 14 coupled general circulation models (GCMs)…
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Seasonal Dependence of the MJO-ENSO Relationship

Abstract Observations of the development of recent El Nino events suggest a pivotal role for the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO). Previous attempts to uncover a systematic relationship between MJO…
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A Comparison of OLR and Circulation-Based Indices for Tracking the MJO

AbstractTwo univariate indices of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) based on outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) are developed to track the convective component of the MJO while taking into account…
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Modulation of South Indian Ocean Tropical Cyclones by the Madden–Julian Oscillation and Convectively Coupled Equatorial Waves

Abstract The subseasonal modulation of tropical cyclone (TC) genesis by large-scale atmospheric wave modes is studied using data from the south Indian Ocean region. The modes considered are the…
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