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Nutritional supplements cross-contaminated and faked with doping substances.

Since 2002 new 'designer' steroids such as prostanozol, methasterone, androstatrienedione etc have been offered on the nutritional supplement market and also cross-contamination with these steroids are expected.
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Δ6‐Desaturase (FADS2) deficiency unveils the role of ω3‐ and ω6‐polyunsaturated fatty acids

It is shown that deletion of Δ6‐fatty acid desaturase (FADS2) gene expression in the mouse abolishes the initial step in the enzymatic cascade of PUFA synthesis, and is anticipated that FADS2 will become a major focus in membrane, haemostasis, inflammation and atherosclerosis research.
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In vitro phase I metabolism of the synthetic cannabimimetic JWH-018

The cytochrome P450 phase I metabolites of JWH-018 were investigated, after in vitro incubation of the drug with human liver microsomes followed by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry analysis, and evidence of trihydroxylation at different locations of the hydroxyl groups in the molecule was found.
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Factors influencing the steroid profile in doping control analysis.

Pharmaceutical (application of endogenous steroids and various pharmaceutical preparations), technical (hydrolysis, derivatization, matrix), and biological (bacterial activities, enzyme side activities) issues are reviewed.
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RBC-NOS-Dependent S-Nitrosylation of Cytoskeletal Proteins Improves RBC Deformability

This study first-time provides strong evidence that RBC-NOS-produced NO modifies RBC deformability through direct S-nitrosylation of cytoskeleton proteins, most likely α- and β-spectrins.
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Glucuronidation of anabolic androgenic steroids by recombinant human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases.

The high activity of UGT1A8 and 1A10 toward some of the substrates indicates that extrahepatic enzymes might play a role in the metabolism of anabolic androgenic steroids.
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Long‐term engraftment following transplantation of pig pancreatic primordia into non‐immunosuppressed diabetic rhesus macaques

It is shown that beta cells originating from embryonic day (E) 28 (E28) pig pancreatic primordia transplanted into the mesentery of streptozotocin (STZ)‐diabetic (type 1) Lewis rats or Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) diabetic (type 2) rats engraft and normalize glucose tolerance without the need for host immune‐suppression.
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Selective androgen receptor modulators: in vitro and in vivo metabolism and analysis

The analytical UPLC-QqQ-MS/MS procedure was validated for three commercially available arylpropionamides according to European Union criteria, and resulted in decision limits ranging from 0.025 to 0.05 µg l–1 and the linearity was 0.999 for all compounds.
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Screening for the synthetic cannabinoid JWH-018 and its major metabolites in human doping controls.

A urine sample of a healthy man declaring to have smoked a 'spice' product was screened for potential phase-I and -II metabolites by high-resolution/high-accuracy mass spectrometry and demonstrated its capability for a sensitive and selective identification of JWH-018 and its metabolites in human urine.
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Anabolic agents: recent strategies for their detection and protection from inadvertent doping

The strategies of the antidoping research are not only focused on the development of methods to catch the cheating athlete but also to protect the clean athlete from inadvertent doping.
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