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Combinatorial microRNA target predictions
TLDR
PicTar, a computational method for identifying common targets of micro RNAs, is presented and widespread coordinate control executed by microRNAs is suggested, thus providing evidence for coordinate microRNA control in mammals.
View on Nature
Silencing of microRNAs in vivo with ‘antagomirs’
TLDR
It is shown that a novel class of chemically engineered oligonucleotides, termed ‘antagomirs’, are efficient and specific silencers of endogenous miRNA levels in mice and may represent a therapeutic strategy for silencing miRNAs in disease.
View on Nature
A pancreatic islet-specific microRNA regulates insulin secretion
TLDR
It is shown that overexpression of miR-375 suppressed glucose-induced insulin secretion, and conversely, inhibition of endogenous mi R-375 function enhanced insulin secretion and may constitute a novel pharmacological target for the treatment of diabetes.
View on Springer
Mutations in the hepatocyte nuclear factor-4α gene in maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY1)
TLDR
It is shown that MODY1 is the gene encoding HNF-4α (gene symbol, TCP14), a member of the steroid/thyroid hormone receptor superfamily and an upstream regulator of H NF-1α expression9–11.
View on Nature
Whole population, genome-wide mapping of hidden relatedness.
TLDR
This work uses GERMLINE, a robust algorithm for identifying segmental sharing indicative of recent common ancestry between pairs of individuals, to comprehensively survey hidden relatedness both in the HapMap as well as in a densely typed island population of 3000 individuals.
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G Protein-Coupled Inwardly Rectifying K+ Channels (GIRKs) Mediate Postsynaptic but Not Presynaptic Transmitter Actions in Hippocampal Neurons
View on Elsevier
Leptin activation of Stat3 in the hypothalamus of wild–type and ob/ob mice but not db/db mice
TLDR
The data indicate the hypothalamus is a direct target of leptin action and that this activation is critically dependent on the gp-130-like leptin receptor isoform missing in C57BLKS/J db/db mice, the first in vivo demonstration of leptin signal transduction.
View on Springer
Familial hyperglycemia due to mutations in glucokinase. Definition of a subtype of diabetes mellitus.
TLDR
Mutations in glucokinase are the primary cause of hyperglycemia in a substantial fraction of French patients with maturity-onset diabetes of the young and result in a relatively mild form of NIDDM that can be diagnosed in childhood.
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A skin microRNA promotes differentiation by repressing ‘stemness’
TLDR
It is shown that microRNA-203 is induced in the skin concomitantly with stratification and differentiation and defines a molecular boundary between proliferative basal progenitors and terminally differentiating suprabasal cells, ensuring proper identity of neighbouring layers.
View on Nature
Mechanisms and optimization of in vivo delivery of lipophilic siRNAs
TLDR
It is shown that conjugation to bile acids and long-chain fatty acids, in addition to cholesterol, mediates siRNA uptake into cells and gene silencing in vivo and can be exploited to optimize therapeutic siRNA delivery.
View on Nature
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