A default mode of brain function.
- M. Raichle, A. Macleod, A. Snyder, W. Powers, D. Gusnard, G. Shulman
- BiologyProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences…
- 16 January 2001
A baseline state of the normal adult human brain in terms of the brain oxygen extraction fraction or OEF is identified, suggesting the existence of an organized, baseline default mode of brain function that is suspended during specific goal-directed behaviors.
The human brain is intrinsically organized into dynamic, anticorrelated functional networks.
- M. Fox, A. Snyder, J. L. Vincent, M. Corbetta, D. V. Van Essen, M. Raichle
- Biology, PsychologyProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences…
- 5 July 2005
It is suggested that both task-driven neuronal responses and behavior are reflections of this dynamic, ongoing, functional organization of the brain, featuring the presence of anticorrelated networks in the absence of overt task performance.
Spontaneous fluctuations in brain activity observed with functional magnetic resonance imaging
- M. Fox, M. Raichle
- Psychology, BiologyNature Reviews Neuroscience
- 1 September 2007
Recent studies examining spontaneous fluctuations in the blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal of functional magnetic resonance imaging as a potentially important and revealing manifestation of spontaneous neuronal activity are reviewed.
Searching for a baseline: Functional imaging and the resting human brain
- D. Gusnard, M. Raichle
- Psychology, BiologyNature Reviews Neuroscience
- 1 October 2001
This work explores the possibility that there might be a baseline or resting state of brain function involving a specific set of mental operations, including the manner in which a baseline is defined and the implications of such a baseline for the understanding ofbrain function.
Distinct brain networks for adaptive and stable task control in humans
- N. Dosenbach, D. Fair, S. Petersen
- Biology, PsychologyProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- 26 June 2007
The interactions of these regions are characterized by applying graph theory to resting state functional connectivity MRI data, suggesting the presence of two distinct task-control networks that appear to operate on different time scales and affect downstream processing via dissociable mechanisms.
Medial prefrontal cortex and self-referential mental activity: Relation to a default mode of brain function
- D. Gusnard, E. Akbudak, G. Shulman, M. Raichle
- Psychology, BiologyProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences…
- 20 March 2001
The presence of self-referential mental activity appears to be associated with increases from the baseline in dorsal MPFC, and reductions in ventral MPFC occurred consistent with the fact that attention-demanding tasks attenuate emotional processing.
The brain's default mode network.
- M. Raichle
- Psychology, BiologyAnnual Review of Neuroscience
- 8 July 2015
The brain's default mode network plays a central role in this work and consistently decreases its activity when compared with activity during these relaxed nontask states.
Evidence for a frontoparietal control system revealed by intrinsic functional connectivity.
- J. L. Vincent, Itamar Kahn, A. Snyder, M. Raichle, R. Buckner
- Biology, PsychologyJournal of Neurophysiology
- 1 December 2008
Detailed analysis of frontal and parietal cortex revealed clear evidence for contiguous but distinct regions: in general, the regions associated with the frontoparietal control system are situated between components of the dorsal attention and hippocampal-cortical memory systems.
Common Blood Flow Changes across Visual Tasks: II. Decreases in Cerebral Cortex
- G. Shulman, J. Fiez, S. Petersen
- Psychology, BiologyJournal of Cognitive Neuroscience
- 1 October 1997
Nine previous positron emission tomography (PET) studies of human visual information processing were reanalyzed to determine the consistency across experiments of blood flow decreases during active…
Spontaneous neuronal activity distinguishes human dorsal and ventral attention systems.
- M. Fox, M. Corbetta, A. Snyder, J. L. Vincent, M. Raichle
- Psychology, BiologyProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences…
- 27 June 2006
It is demonstrated that the neuroanatomical substrates of human attention persist in the absence of external events, reflected in the correlation structure of spontaneous activity.
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