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Nitrite-driven anaerobic methane oxidation by oxygenic bacteria
TLDR
Evidence for a fourth pathway to produce oxygen is presented, possibly of considerable geochemical and evolutionary importance, and opens up the possibility that oxygen was available to microbial metabolism before the evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis.
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Anaerobic ammonium oxidation by anammox bacteria in the Black Sea
TLDR
Evidence for bacteria that anaerobically oxidize ammonium with nitrite to N2 in the world's largest anoxic basin, the Black Sea is provided and anammox bacteria have been identified and directly linked to the removal of fixed inorganic nitrogen in the environment.
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Revising the nitrogen cycle in the Peruvian oxygen minimum zone
  • P. Lam, G. Lavik, M. Kuypers
  • Environmental Science
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
  • 24 March 2009
TLDR
It is shown that in the ETSP-OMZ, anammox obtains 67% or more of NO2− from nitrate reduction, and 33% or less from aerobic ammonia oxidation, based on stable-isotope pairing experiments corroborated by functional gene expression analyses.
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Linking crenarchaeal and bacterial nitrification to anammox in the Black Sea
TLDR
Because anammox is a major nitrogen loss in marine suboxic waters, such nitrification–anammox coupling potentially occurring also in oceanic oxygen minimum zones would act as a short circuit connecting regenerated ammonium to direct nitrogen loss, thus reducing the presumed direct contribution from deep-sea nitrate.
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Massive nitrogen loss from the Benguela upwelling system through anaerobic ammonium oxidation.
  • M. Kuypers, G. Lavik, M. Jetten
  • Environmental Science, Engineering
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences…
  • 3 May 2005
TLDR
It is shown that instead, the anammox process (the anaerobic oxidation of ammonium by nitrite to yield N2) is mainly responsible for nitrogen loss in the OMZ waters of one of the most productive regions of the world ocean, the Benguela upwelling system.
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Anammox bacteria disguised as denitrifiers: nitrate reduction to dinitrogen gas via nitrite and ammonium.
TLDR
Evidence is presented that dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium occurs in Benguela upwelling system at the same site where anammox bacteria were previously detected, indicating that anamm Oxidizing bacteria could be mediating Dissimilatory Nitrate reductionto ammonium in natural ecosystems.
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New processes and players in the nitrogen cycle: the microbial ecology of anaerobic and archaeal ammonia oxidation
TLDR
What is currently known about the microbial ecology of anaerobic and archaeal ammonia oxidation is reviewed, relevant unknowns are highlighted, and the implications of these discoveries for the global nitrogen and carbon cycles are discussed.
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Microbial nitrogen cycling processes in oxygen minimum zones.
Oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) harbor unique microbial communities that rely on alternative electron acceptors for respiration. Conditions therein enable an almost complete nitrogen (N) cycle and…
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Impacts of Atmospheric Anthropogenic Nitrogen on the Open Ocean
TLDR
Although ∼10% of the ocean's drawdown of atmospheric anthropogenic carbon dioxide may result from this atmospheric nitrogen fertilization, leading to a decrease in radiative forcing, up to about two-thirds of this amount may be offset by the increase in N2O emissions.
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The microbial nitrogen-cycling network
TLDR
This Review summarizes the current understanding of the microbial nitrogen-cycling network, including novel processes, their underlying biochemical pathways, the involved microorganisms, their environmental importance and industrial applications.
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