“Economic man” in cross-cultural perspective: Behavioral experiments in 15 small-scale societies
- J. Henrich, R. Boyd, D. Tracer
- EconomicsBehavioral and Brain Sciences
- 1 December 2005
A cross-cultural study of behavior in ultimatum, public goods, and dictator games in a range of small-scale societies exhibiting a wide variety of economic and cultural conditions found the canonical model – based on self-interest – fails in all of the societies studied.
Costly Punishment Across Human Societies
- J. Henrich, R. Mcelreath, J. Ziker
- Psychology, EconomicsScience
- 23 June 2006
Experimental results from 15 diverse populations show that all populations demonstrate some willingness to administer costly punishment as unequal behavior increases, and the magnitude of this punishment varies substantially across populations, and costly punishment positively covaries with altruistic behavior across populations.
Markets, Religion, Community Size, and the Evolution of Fairness and Punishment
- J. Henrich, Jean Ensminger, J. Ziker
- EconomicsScience
- 19 March 2010
Fairness is measured in thousands of individuals from 15 contemporary, small-scale societies to gain an understanding of the evolution of trustworthy exchange among human societies and shows that market integration positively covaries with fairness while community size positively covary with punishment.
Human adaptations for the visual assessment of strength and fighting ability from the body and face
- Aaron Sell, L. Cosmides, J. Tooby, Daniel Sznycer, Christopher R. von Rueden, M. Gurven
- PsychologyProceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological…
- 7 February 2009
Tests support the hypothesis that the human cognitive architecture includes mechanisms that assess fighting ability—mechanisms that focus on correlates of upper-body strength, and are the first empirical demonstration that, for humans, judgements of strength and judgement of fighting ability not only track each other, but accurately track actual upper- body strength.
To give and to give not: The behavioral ecology of human food transfers
- M. Gurven
- PsychologyBehavioral and Brain Sciences
- 1 August 2004
The transfer of food among group members is a ubiquitous feature of small-scale forager and forager-agricultural populations. The uniqueness of pervasive sharing among humans, especially among…
Growth rates and life histories in twenty‐two small‐scale societies
- Robert Walker, M. Gurven, T. Yamauchi
- BiologyAmerican Journal of Human Biology
- 1 May 2006
In sum, the origin and maintenance of different human ontogenies may require explanations invoking both environmental constraints and selective pressures.
Longevity Among Hunter‐ Gatherers: A Cross‐Cultural Examination
This work argues for an adaptive life span of 68-78 years for modern "Homo sapiens" based on analysis of mortality profiles obtained from small-scale hunter-gatherer and horticultural populations from around the world, and integrates information on age-specific dependency and resource production to help explain the adaptive utility of longevity in humans from an evolutionary perspective.
Genetic traces of ancient demography.
- H. Harpending, M. Batzer, M. Gurven, L. Jorde, A. Rogers, S. Sherry
- BiologyProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences…
- 17 February 1998
This genetic evidence denies any version of the multiregional model of modern human origins and implies instead that the authors' ancestors were effectively a separate species for most of the Pleistocene.
Natural Sleep and Its Seasonal Variations in Three Pre-industrial Societies
- Gandhi Yetish, H. Kaplan, J. Siegel
- BiologyCurrent Biology
- 2 November 2015
The evolutionary and ecological roots of human social organization
- H. Kaplan, P. Hooper, M. Gurven
- EconomicsPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B…
- 12 November 2009
This paper presents an explanatory framework for understanding variation in social organization across human societies, highlighting the interactive effects of four key ecological and economic variables: the role of skill in resource production; the degree of complementarity in male and female inputs into production; economies of scale in cooperative production and competition; and the economic defensibility of physical inputs intoProduction.
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