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Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy
TLDR
These guidelines are presented for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes.
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Rab27a and Rab27b control different steps of the exosome secretion pathway
TLDR
The results therefore strengthen the link between MVEs and exosomes, and introduce ways of manipulating exosome secretion in vivo.
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The Atg16L complex specifies the site of LC3 lipidation for membrane biogenesis in autophagy.
TLDR
It is proposed that the Atg16L complex is a new type of E3-like enzyme that functions as a scaffold for LC3 lipidation by dynamically localizing to the putative source membranes for autophagosome formation.
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Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (3rd edition)
TLDR
There continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes, so it is important to update guidelines for monitoring autophagic activity in different organisms.
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Rab10, a target of the AS160 Rab GAP, is required for insulin-stimulated translocation of GLUT4 to the adipocyte plasma membrane.
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AS160, the Akt substrate regulating GLUT4 translocation, has a functional Rab GTPase-activating protein domain.
TLDR
It is found by immunoblotting that Rabs 2A, 8A and 14 are present in GLUT4 vesicles, indicating that AS160 is a Rab GAP, and suggest novel Rabs that may participate inGLUT4 translocation.
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Synaptotagmin IV regulates glial glutamate release.
TLDR
The finding that Syt IV is expressed predominantly by astrocytes and is not in the presynaptic terminals of the hippocampus, and because SytIV knockout mice exhibit hippocampal-based memory deficits, raises the intriguing possibility that SyT IV-mediated gliotransmission contributes to hippocampus-dependent memory.
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Recruitment of the autophagic machinery to endosomes during infection is mediated by ubiquitin
After bacterial invasion, ubiquitin is conjugated to host endosomal proteins and recognized by the autophagic machinery independent of LC3.
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Regulation of synaptic transmission by RAB-3 and RAB-27 in Caenorhabditis elegans.
TLDR
It is found that AEX-3 regulates another exocytic Rab, RAB-27, which is localized to synapse-rich regions pan-neuronally and is also expressed in intestinal cells and it is demonstrated that RBF-1 (rabphilin) is an effector of Rab-27.
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Rab35 and Its GAP EPI64C in T Cells Regulate Receptor Recycling and Immunological Synapse Formation*
TLDR
EPI64C and Rab35 regulate a recycling pathway in T cells and contribute to IS formation, most likely by participating in TCR transport to the IS.
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