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Global Diversity of Sponges (Porifera)
TLDR
Results obtained demonstrate that regional approaches to analytical biogeography are at present more likely to achieve insights into the biogeographic history of sponges than a global perspective, which appears currently too ambitious.
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World Porifera Database
Genomic data do not support comb jellies as the sister group to all other animals
TLDR
It is concluded that the alternative scenario of animal evolution according to which ctenophores evolved morphological complexity independently from cnidarians and bilaterians or, alternatively, sponges secondarily lost a nervous system, muscles, and other characters, is not supported by the available evidence.
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Deep phylogeny and evolution of sponges (phylum Porifera).
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Phylogeny and evolution of glass sponges (porifera, hexactinellida).
TLDR
This rDNA phylogeny agrees well with the traditional classification and a previously proposed phylogenetic system, which ascribes to a more informative morphology in Hexactinellida, and recovers Porifera as monophyletic, although support for this clade is low under paired-sites models.
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Non-monophyly of most supraspecific taxa of calcareous sponges (Porifera, Calcarea) revealed by increased taxon sampling and partitioned Bayesian analysis of ribosomal DNA.
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Improved Modeling of Compositional Heterogeneity Supports Sponges as Sister to All Other Animals
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Dating early animal evolution using phylogenomic data
TLDR
All non-bilaterian phyla, as well as total-group Bilateria, evolved in an ancient radiation during a geologically relatively short time span, before the onset of long-term global glaciations (“Snowball Earth”; ~720–635 Ma).
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New insights into the phylogeny of glass sponges (Porifera, Hexactinellida): monophyly of Lyssacinosida and Euplectellinae, and the phylogenetic position of Euretidae.
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Novel scenarios of early animal evolution--is it time to rewrite textbooks?
TLDR
It is concluded that the time is not yet ripe to rewrite zoological textbooks and advocate a conservative approach when it comes to developing scenarios of the early evolution of animals.
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