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The effects of ghrelin on inflammation and the immune system
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Human casein kinase Iδ phosphorylation of human circadian clock proteins period 1 and 2
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Reduction of T cell-derived ghrelin enhances proinflammatory cytokine expression: implications for age-associated increases in inflammation.
Ghrelin (Grln) is a peptide hormone that is predominantly produced in the stomach and stimulates appetite and induces growth hormone (GH) release. We have previously reported that ghrelin is also…
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Identification of Ghrelin Receptor Blocker, D-[Lys3] GHRP-6 as a CXCR4 Receptor Antagonist
TLDR
The data demonstrate that DLS is not the specific and selective antagonist as thought for GHS-R1a and appears to have additional effects on the CXCR4 chemokine receptor, and suggest that structural analogues that mimic DLS binding properties may also have properties of blocking HIV infectivity, CX CR4 dependent cancer cell migration and attenuating chemokin-mediated immune cell trafficking in inflammatory disorders.
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Gender specificity of altered human immune cytokine profiles in aging
Cytokine generation by T cells and monocytes was determined for 50 subjects aged 65 yr or older and concurrently studied young subjects individually matched to each old subject for sex, race, and…
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Role of P38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Phosphorylation and Fas-Fas Ligand Interaction in Morphine-Induced Macrophage Apoptosis1
TLDR
It is suggested that morphine-induced macrophage apoptosis proceeds through opiate receptors via P38 MAPK phosphorylation, which seems to activate proteins involved in both extrinsic (Fas and FasL) and intrinsic (p53 and Bax) cell death pathways.
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Role of heme oxygenase-1 in morphine-modulated apoptosis and migration of macrophages.
TLDR
In in vitro studies, pretreatment of macrophages with hemin exacerbated morphine-induced apoptosis, whereas pretreatment with zinc protoporphyrin attenuated morphine- induced macrophage apoptosis.
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The GHS-R Blocker D-[Lys3] GHRP-6 Serves as CCR5 Chemokine Receptor Antagonist
TLDR
DLS may have some potential clinical applications in blocking HIV infectivity and CCR5-mediated migration and function in various inflammatory disease states and may also effects on other G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) family members.
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Ghrelin augments murine T‐cell proliferation by activation of the phosphatidylinositol‐3‐kinase, extracellular signal‐regulated kinase and protein kinase C signaling pathways
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Activation of Wnt5A signaling is required for CXC chemokine ligand 12-mediated T-cell migration.
TLDR
Wnt5A is a critical mediator of CXCL12-CXCR4 signaling and migration in human and murine T cells and is supported in vivo using EL4 thymoma metastasis as a model of T-cell migration.
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