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Effect of rapid weight loss on performance in combat sport male athletes: does adaptation to chronic weight cycling play a role?

Chronic weight cycling does not protect athletes from the negative impact of RWL on performance and the time to recover after weigh-in and the patterns of food and fluid ingestion during this period is likely to play the major role in restoring performance to baseline levels.
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The A-allele of the FTO Gene rs9939609 Polymorphism Is Associated With Decreased Proportion of Slow Oxidative Muscle Fibers and Over-represented in Heavier Athletes

The A/A genotype of the FTO T > A polymorphism is under-represented in athletes more reliant on a lean phenotype and associated with decreased proportion of slow-twitch muscle fibers, while is over- represented in strength and heavier athletes.
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The effects of two different doses of calcium lactate on blood pH, bicarbonate, and repeated high-intensity exercise performance.

In conclusion, low- and high-dose calcium lactate supplementation induced similar, yet very discrete, increases in blood pH and bicarbonate, which were not sufficiently large to improve repeated high-intensity performance.
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ACTN3 R577X and ACE I/D gene variants influence performance in elite sprinters: a multi-cohort study

Despite sprint performance relying on many gene variants and environment, the % sprint time variance explained by ACE and ACTN3 is substantial at the elite level and might be the difference between a world record and only making the final.
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Analysis of sports‐relevant polymorphisms in a large Brazilian cohort of top‐level athletes

A role for these variants in the achievement of power athletic status in Brazilians is supported: MCT1 D490E (T allele), AGT M268T (G allele), PPARG (C allele), PGC1A G482S, VEGFR2 Q472H, NOS3 C/T, and ACTN3 R577X (R allele).
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Leucine and HMB Differentially Modulate Proteasome System in Skeletal Muscle under Different Sarcopenic Conditions

The present data suggested that the anti-atrophic effects of leucine are not mediated by its metabolite HMB.
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ACVR1B rs2854464 Is Associated with Sprint/Power Athletic Status in a Large Cohort of Europeans but Not Brazilians

In a relatively large cohort of athletes from Europe and South America, it is shown that the ACVR1B rs2854464 A allele is associated with sprint/power performance in Caucasians but not in Brazilian athletes, reinforcing the notion that phenotype-genotype associations may be ethnicity-dependent.
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Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Carnosinase Genes (CNDP1 and CNDP2) are Associated With Power Athletic Status.

Investigating the frequency of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the carnosinase genes in a large Brazilian cohort of athletes and nonathletes found that minor alleles carriers forCNDP2 rs3764509 (G-allele), CNDP2-CNDP1 rs2346061 (C-allee), and CNDP1rs2887 (A-alleel) are more likely to be a power athlete.
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Genetics and sport performance: current challenges and directions to the future

The current status of the field is summarized, discussing the implications of available knowledge for the practice of professionals involved with the sport and suggesting future directions for research.
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Caffeine and Exercise Performance: Possible Directions for Definitive Findings

An analytic look at studies involving the use of caffeine for human physical performance, and addresses factors that could influence the ergogenic effects of caffeine on different proposed activities.
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