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Processing of primary and secondary rewards: A quantitative meta-analysis and review of human functional neuroimaging studies
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Separate Valuation Subsystems for Delay and Effort Decision Costs
TLDR
It is shown that humans devalue rewards associated with physical effort in a strikingly similar fashion to those they devalue that are associated with delays, and that a single computational model derived from economics theory can account for the behavior observed in both delay discounting and effort discounting.
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Variation in dopamine genes influences responsivity of the human reward system
TLDR
The results indicate that genetically influenced variations in dopamine transmission modulate the response of brain regions involved in anticipation and reception of rewards and suggest that these responses may contribute to individual differences in reward-seeking behavior and in predisposition to neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Menstrual cycle phase modulates reward-related neural function in women
TLDR
Evidence is provided of neurofunctional modulation of the reward system by gonadal steroid hormones in humans and establish a neurobiological foundation for understanding their impact on vulnerability to drug abuse, neuropsychiatric diseases with differential expression across males and females, and hormonally mediated mood disorders.
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The Architecture of Reward Value Coding in the Human Orbitofrontal Cortex
TLDR
The results support a modular view of reward value coding in the brain and propose that a unifying principle of postero-anterior organization can be applied to the orbitofrontal cortex.
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Neural coding of distinct statistical properties of reward information in humans.
TLDR
These data suggest that the prefrontal cortex may generate the reward prediction while the ventral striatum may be involved in motivational processes that are useful when an organism needs to obtain more information about its environment.
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Fractionating the neural substrate of cognitive control processes
  • J. Dreher, K. Berman
  • Psychology, Biology
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences…
  • 21 October 2002
TLDR
Insight is provided into the functional organization of the frontal lobe in humans and its role in distinct processes involved in cognitive control: overcoming the inhibition of a previously performed task when re-engaging it and restarting a sequence of tasks after a period of interruption.
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The Roles of Timing and Task Order during Task Switching
TLDR
A hierarchic organization of the prefrontal cortex along a posterioanterior axis as the task becomes more endogenously guided is indicated, which indicates that predictable task order should activate brain regions involved in long-term memory retrieval.
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Age-related changes in midbrain dopaminergic regulation of the human reward system
TLDR
These findings provide an important characterization of the interactions between midbrain dopamine function and the reward system in healthy young humans and older subjects, and identify the changes in this regulatory circuit that accompany aging.
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Dissociating the roles of the rostral anterior cingulate and the lateral prefrontal cortices in performing two tasks simultaneously or successively.
TLDR
Results show that performing two tasks successively or simultaneously activated a common prefronto-parietal neural network relative to performing each task separately, and found that the anterior cingulate and the lateral prefrontal cortices were differently activated in dual-task and task-switching situations.
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